Pathogenesis and diagnostics

Module program:
Major differences in the cells of prokaryotes and eukaryotes including the structure, organization and reproduction - Differences between microorganisms and viruses.
- Transmission Mode (vertical and horizontal) of microorganisms and viruses and importance of vehicles and carriers - Principal characteristics of pathogenicity and virulence of microorganisms
- Main host - infectious agent: Colonization, symbiosis, commensalism, infection and disease - Host factors that can influence the infectious process
- Criteria for the collection and transport of biological samples for microbiological diagnosis in the laboratory - direct and indirect diagnosis of Infection
- Main direct and indirect microbiological investigations - Investigations in relation to the stage of infection (recently, pregressed or chronic) and therapy (drug sensitivity testing to drugs antimicrobial)
- Ultrastructure and functions of the various components of the bacterial cell, chemical composition and in the cell wall structure of gram-positive bacteria and gram negative, reproduction.
- Mechanism of action of antibacterial drugs inhibitors of cell wall synthesis, of the functions of the cytoplasmic membrane, the protein synthesis and of the nucleic acids and microbial mechanisms of drug-resistance.
- Morphology, Ultrastructure and function of the components of the fungal cell, sexual and asexual reproduction -Main drugs to antifungal activity, mechanism of action and possible development of resistance - Morphology, functions, and reproduction mode in the protozoa
- Origin, organization and mode of replication of human viruses - persistent, slow, latent viral infection - antiviral drugs and mechanisms of action
- Normal resident microbiota composition
- Features: Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus spp, pathogenic Neisseria, Enterobacteriaceae, spore-forming bacilli, mycobacteria
- Morphological characteristics, culture and pathogenicity of the main fungal agents with particular reference to the genera Candida, Cryptococcus and Aspergillus
- Protozoa of human interest
- Main agents of viral infections (Herpesviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Picornaviridae) Retroviridae and hepatitis viruses).
- Nosocomial infections: definition, risk factors and major pathogens.

Module program:
- Principles of physic and radiobiology
- Radioprotection of personnel
- Radiology: indications and contraindications to diagnostic and interventional procedures; radioprotection of patients.
- Nuclear medicine: indications and contraindications to diagnostic and therapeutic procedures; radioprotection of patients.
- Radiation therapy: indications and contraindications to therapeutic procedures; radioprotection of patients.