Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry
A.Y. 2024/2025
Learning objectives
Analytical Chemistry. The learning objectives of the analytical chemistry course are: acquisition of the basic knowledge of classical and instrumental analytical techniques; acquisition of critical capacity in assessing the accuracy and precision of experimental data using statistical methods; acquisition of the ability to solve analytical problems related to complex equilibria in solution and quantitative analysis of compounds.
Physical Chemistry.The main objective of the course is to provide students with basic knowledge of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics. Topics treated in the course aim at:
- strengthening the logical and quantitative thinking skills of the students;
- refining problem solving skills in the fields of physical and analytical chemistry;
- providing the student with the necessary tools to fully understand the principles of thermodynamics, chemical kinetics and reactivity.
Physical Chemistry.The main objective of the course is to provide students with basic knowledge of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics. Topics treated in the course aim at:
- strengthening the logical and quantitative thinking skills of the students;
- refining problem solving skills in the fields of physical and analytical chemistry;
- providing the student with the necessary tools to fully understand the principles of thermodynamics, chemical kinetics and reactivity.
Expected learning outcomes
Analytical Chemistry.The learning outcomes of analytical chemistry course are: the knowledge of the procedures for the elaboration and evaluation of experimental data; the knowledge of the main complex in solution chemical equilibria and the ability to solve the problems that involve them; the knowledge of the basic principles and procedures of the most important classical and instrumental analytical techniques; the ability to discriminate the most suitable technique to solve a specific analytical problem; the ability to use the analytical language to describe analytical methods and to report the result correctly and unequivocally.
Physical Chemistry. At the end of the course the student:
- will have expertise in basic chemical thermodynamics and kinetics;
- will master the main concepts underlying the physico-chemical themes illustrated in the lectures;
- will be proficient in applying theory to the resolution of simple exercises.
Physical Chemistry. At the end of the course the student:
- will have expertise in basic chemical thermodynamics and kinetics;
- will master the main concepts underlying the physico-chemical themes illustrated in the lectures;
- will be proficient in applying theory to the resolution of simple exercises.
Lesson period: Second semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Linea AK
Responsible
Lesson period
Second semester
CHIM/01 - ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - University credits: 3
CHIM/02 - PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - University credits: 3
CHIM/02 - PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - University credits: 3
Lessons: 48 hours
Professors:
D'Amato Alfonsina, Pieraccini Stefano
Linea LZ
Responsible
Lesson period
Second semester
Course syllabus
Physical chemistry:
- Mathematical Intro:
Short recap of derivatives and Riemann integration. Short introduction to function differentials and partial derivatives.
- Thermodynamics:
Property of gases. Perfect gases. Thermodynamical equilibrium. Reversibility of thermodynamical processes. First principle of thermodynamics. Thermochemistry. Second principle of thermodynamics. Entropy. Gibbs free energy. Chemical potential of a pure species. Third principle of thermodynamics. Chemical potential of a species in a mixture. Phase transitions of pure species. Phase diagrams for ideal mixtures. Deviations from ideality: azeotropes and eutectics.
- Chemical kinetics:
Rate of chemical reactions. Order of a chemical reaction. Empirical kinetics equations. Methods to determine the order of a chemical reaction. Brief introduction to complex reactions and to enzymatic kinetics (Michaelis-Menten mechanism). Short introduction to transition state theory.
Analytical chemistry:
1) Fundamentals:
The result of a measurement and experimental errors, uncertainty and number of significative digits. Different types of errors (systematic errors and accidental errors), accuracy, precision, representativeness, exactness.
2) Evaluation and statistical treatment of experimental data:
Introduction to statistics and to the use of spreadsheets: probability and Gaussian distribution function. Statistical test: z-test; t-test; f-test; q-test. Standard uncertainty and confidence interval.
3) Calibration methods:
Correlation and regression: least squares method; external standard method; internal standard method; standard additions method; multivariate methods (basics). Sensitivity, selectivity, dynamical interval, robustness, detection limit, identification limit, quantity limit, validation of a method, recovery test.
4) Equilibria in solution and classical analytical methods:
Activity and concentration; systematic treatment of the chemical equilibrium; acid-base equilibria; solubility equilibria; metal-ligand equilibria (basics); redox equilibria (basics).
- Mathematical Intro:
Short recap of derivatives and Riemann integration. Short introduction to function differentials and partial derivatives.
- Thermodynamics:
Property of gases. Perfect gases. Thermodynamical equilibrium. Reversibility of thermodynamical processes. First principle of thermodynamics. Thermochemistry. Second principle of thermodynamics. Entropy. Gibbs free energy. Chemical potential of a pure species. Third principle of thermodynamics. Chemical potential of a species in a mixture. Phase transitions of pure species. Phase diagrams for ideal mixtures. Deviations from ideality: azeotropes and eutectics.
- Chemical kinetics:
Rate of chemical reactions. Order of a chemical reaction. Empirical kinetics equations. Methods to determine the order of a chemical reaction. Brief introduction to complex reactions and to enzymatic kinetics (Michaelis-Menten mechanism). Short introduction to transition state theory.
Analytical chemistry:
1) Fundamentals:
The result of a measurement and experimental errors, uncertainty and number of significative digits. Different types of errors (systematic errors and accidental errors), accuracy, precision, representativeness, exactness.
2) Evaluation and statistical treatment of experimental data:
Introduction to statistics and to the use of spreadsheets: probability and Gaussian distribution function. Statistical test: z-test; t-test; f-test; q-test. Standard uncertainty and confidence interval.
3) Calibration methods:
Correlation and regression: least squares method; external standard method; internal standard method; standard additions method; multivariate methods (basics). Sensitivity, selectivity, dynamical interval, robustness, detection limit, identification limit, quantity limit, validation of a method, recovery test.
4) Equilibria in solution and classical analytical methods:
Activity and concentration; systematic treatment of the chemical equilibrium; acid-base equilibria; solubility equilibria; metal-ligand equilibria (basics); redox equilibria (basics).
Prerequisites for admission
Basic knowledge of general chemistry and mathematics.
Teaching methods
Classroom lectures with exercises.
Teaching Resources
P. Atkins, J. De Paula, "Atkins' Physical Chemistry", Oxford University Press.
Alberto Gambi, Esercizi di Chimica Fisica, Zanichelli.Skoog, West, Holler, Crouch, Fondamenti di Chimica Analitica. EdiSES. (3° ed. italiana 2015)
Lecture slides and exercises.
Alberto Gambi, Esercizi di Chimica Fisica, Zanichelli.Skoog, West, Holler, Crouch, Fondamenti di Chimica Analitica. EdiSES. (3° ed. italiana 2015)
Lecture slides and exercises.
Assessment methods and Criteria
Exams consist in solving exercises based on the syllabus of the course. There will be 2 exercises about the physical chemistry module and 2 exercises about the analytical chemistry module. The available time to complete the exam is 2 hours. Students are allowed to use a non-programmable calculator, while it is forbidden to use books, notes, computers, or smartphones during the exam.
For each module marks range between 0 and 30 with possibility to get honours (i.e. "cum laude"). To pass the exam students must get at least 18/30 marks in both modules. The final grade is equal to the average of the marks obtained in the two modules. Half units will be rounded to the nearest higher integer (for instance, an average of 28.5 will result in a final grade of 29/30). To get the laude in the final grade it is necessary to have obtained 30/30 cum laude in at least one of the modules and at least 29/30 in the other one. As for the computation of the average final grade a 30/30 cum laude mark in one of the two modules is equal to 31.
For each module marks range between 0 and 30 with possibility to get honours (i.e. "cum laude"). To pass the exam students must get at least 18/30 marks in both modules. The final grade is equal to the average of the marks obtained in the two modules. Half units will be rounded to the nearest higher integer (for instance, an average of 28.5 will result in a final grade of 29/30). To get the laude in the final grade it is necessary to have obtained 30/30 cum laude in at least one of the modules and at least 29/30 in the other one. As for the computation of the average final grade a 30/30 cum laude mark in one of the two modules is equal to 31.
CHIM/01 - ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - University credits: 3
CHIM/02 - PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - University credits: 3
CHIM/02 - PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - University credits: 3
Lessons: 48 hours
Professors:
Arnaboldi Serena, Conte Riccardo
Professor(s)
Reception:
To be agreed via email. Please send an email to [email protected]
Department of Chemistry, First Floor, Sector A, Room 131
Reception:
On appointment
Teacher's Office (Dipartimento di Chimica - Ground Floor -B Section) or on MS Teams