Toxicology for the Human and Environmental Safety

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Toxicology for the Human and Environmental Safety
Course sheet
A.Y. 2024/2025
Bachelor
L-29 - Pharmacy
Bachelor
180
ECTS
Access
Limited enrolment with admission test
3
Years
Course location
Milano
Language
Italian
The impact of human activities on the environment and the consequences of environmental conditions on human health are the central issues of the educational objectives of the bachelor's degree in Toxicology for the human and environmental Safety.
This bachelor's programme is designed to train professionals capable of contributing to the improvement of the quality of the environment, through the identification, quantification, monitoring, and prevention of conditions capable of causing damage to human health.
The bachelor's programme in Toxicology for the human and environmental Safety enables students to have knowledge of:
-the chemical-physical characteristics of inorganic and organic molecules and their reactivity, with reference to environmental and toxicological problems
- the cell biology, structure and function of biological molecules and organ pathophysiology
- the mechanism of action of toxic substances and drugs and their effects on human health
- the effect of human activities on the environment and human health
- the quantification of inorganic and organic pollutants in the environment through chemical-analytical methods
- the molecular basis of the main pathologic conditions, with particular attention to those related to environmental toxicity phenomena, including the workplace
- the risk assessment procedures aimed at protecting the health of the population and workers
- the analysis of nutrients, functional components and food contaminants
- the basic biological experimental models for microbiological and toxicological analyses
- the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of experimental data obtained from chemical or biological analyses
- the English language, to access scientific literature and draw up documents at an international level.

The bachelor's degree in Toxicology for the human and environmental Safety enables graduates to be directly employed in laboratories for chemical and biochemical analysis, organizations or companies dealing with workplace safety, environmental control and remediation, food product safety and control.
In addition, the bachelor's programme is also aimed at providing a solid interdisciplinary knowledge that allows graduates to attend to master's degrees in the biological, biotechnological, food and safety regulatory fields.
Chemical analysts
Function in a work context:
The professionals included here cooperate with specialists in the analysis of solid, liquid and gaseous materials conducted in the context of chemical research; they are involved in the control of production quality, in the control and maintenance of environmental quality, operation and safety standards of equipment, systems and related technical systems. Graduates in Toxicology for the human and environmental Safety can enroll in the Register of Chemists with the professional title of Junior Chemist after passing the specific state exam required.
Skills associated with the function:
Chemical analysts know the main methods and instruments used to carry out analysis protocols. They are able to apply the procedures and protocols of chemical analysis, collaborate with specialists to control the quality of production, control and maintain the standards of environmental quality, operation and safety of the equipment, systems and related technical systems. They are also able to process and interpret the data obtained.
Employment opportunities:
Chemical analyst in laboratories of public and private facilities, universities and research institutions.


Experts in workplace safety
Function in a work context:
The professionals included in this category apply and execute procedures, regulations and technologies to adapt, modify, develop, control and verify the safety of working environments and workers, of machines and their operating procedures.
Skills associated with the function:
Experts in workplace safety are professionals capable of understanding, analysing, and applying knowledge in the field of safety of workplaces and workers.
Employment opportunities:
Prevention and protection service, even covering a managing position, in laboratories of public and private structures, universities, research institutions.


Experts in environmental control and remediation
Function in a work context:
The professionals included in this category assist specialists in the research and in the design, development and evaluation of systems for control, protection and conservation of the environment.
Skills associated with the function:
Experts in environmental control and remediation are professionals capable of applying procedures to control and detect information on types and methods of environmental pollution and on possible causes, adapting and operating with adequate instruments; they are trained to apply procedures, regulations and technologies to control and guarantee the efficiency of waste collection, selection, treatment and disposal processes; finally, they are able to evaluate and implement programs for the remediation of polluted areas.
Employment opportunities:
Environmental monitoring activities (water, air, soil) and environmental impact and safety assessment in industry. Environmental control and remediation, in laboratories of public and private structures, universities, research institutions and centres focused on toxicological and environmental safety detection.


Biochemical analysts
Function in a work context:
The professionals included in this category select and apply protocols and procedures in production or service activities. They assist specialists in the scientific, healthcare, humanistic, economic and social fields, relating to the quantitative physical, chemical, engineering and natural sciences, life and health sciences.
Skills associated with the function:
Ability to apply and execute scientific protocols relating to the human health care, as well as the diagnosis of animal and plant pathologies. Ability to verify and control the application of safety regulations in public and work environments. Assistance to veterinarians and agronomists in animal and plant care and production, ability to apply and execute scientific protocols in medical analysis laboratories and in agronomic and veterinary laboratories.
Employment opportunities:
Evaluation of the chemical, physical and biological composition of water, natural substances or industrial products, diagnosis of animal/plant pathologies and research in the agronomic and zootechnical fields, in laboratories of public and private facilities, universities, research institutions and in the National Health Service.


Experts in food safety and control
Function in a work context:
The professionals included in this category select and apply defined and predetermined protocols and procedures in production or service activities. Their tasks consist of assisting specialists in the scientific and healthcare fields and in supervising, controlling, planning, and ensuring the correct functioning of production processes.
Skills associated with the function:
Assistance to specialists, in conducting tests and analyses on the quality of products intended for human and animal consumption, to certify their quality, genetic derivation and production technology, to improve the food processing and production chains.
Employment opportunities:
Employment in the field of plant and animal biotechnology, oenology, merchandise, in the food and bio-food sector, and in the quality control of the food industry.
Students are encouraged to carry out periods of study abroad, based on conventional exchange agreements with foreign universities.
Each student can take advantage of Erasmus mobility, for periods of 3 or 6 months. To be eligible for the annual mobility programs, students regularly enrolled at the University of Milan must participate in a public selection procedure that is published on the University's website.
More information is available at https://www.unimi.it/en/node/274/ and for selection procedure you can consult the link https://www.unimi.it/en/node/277/

Each student, depending on the period spent abroad must propose a Learning Agreement that includes educational activities for an appropriate number of CFUs:
- one academic year: 60 CFUs;
- one academic semester: 30 CFUs
- one academic trimester: 20 CFU.

Students must acquire at least 70% of the CFUs indicated in the Learning Agreement. For thesis/internship activities, fulfillment implies that the student has acquired all the CFUs indicated in the Learning Agreement.
For students who have satisfactorily completed the educational program, incentives are provided to be paid in additional score to the graduation grade. This score ranges from a minimum of 1 to a maximum of 3 points (depending on the duration of the study period, the amount of CFUs achieved and the overall result obtained), which, upon the proposal of the responsible Lecturer will be awarded by the Graduation Committee
Attendance at lessons is strongly recommended. Attendance at classroom and laboratory exercises is mandatory. By agreement with the teachers, students enrolled in possession of a chemical expert diploma can be exempted from the General chemistry laboratory.

Working students
Working students can take advantage of the possibility of part-time enrolment offered by the University. For information, consult https://www.unimi.it/en/node/113/
Working students adopting the part-time enrolment offered by the University must agree with the teachers on their relative path attendance at workshops. For those students working in laboratories in which techniques covered by the degree course laboratories are used, a partial/total exemption from laboratory attendance is provided, in agreement with the teacher. To take advantage of these benefits, the student must send at the beginning of the year, via InformaStudenti, in the "Lesson times/locations and teaching organization" section, a certification on company letterhead certifying the contract and working hours.
Enrolment
Admission requirements
To be admitted to the bachelor's programme in Toxicology for the human and environmental Safety, a secondary school diploma or other qualification obtained abroad and recognized as suitable are required.
The degree course has local programmed access in accordance with Article 2 of Law 264 of 1999. The number of students admitted is decided from year to year by the relevant academic bodies, following an assessment of the resources available for the operation of the course.
Admission requires the possession of adequate knowledge and skills to be able to successfully follow the bachelor's programme. This knowledge includes fundamentals of mathematical calculation, physics, cell biology and general chemistry, logical skills, ability to express himself in oral and written form without hesitations and errors, a fair general culture and adequate language skills at B1 level. Fulfilment of these requirements will be verified through a mandatory selection test. The test consists of an entrance test, selective, consisting of questions in Basic Mathematics, Reasoning and Problems, Text Comprehension, and Basic Science. Any training obligations resulting from gaps in the aforementioned knowledge must be filled within the first year of the course, according to the modality indicated in the course teaching regulations.

Admission assessment
The bachelor's degree in Toxicology for the human and environmental Safety welcomes the admission of a maximum of 60 students plus 5 foreign students not resident in Italy.
Access to the degree course is subject to passing the TOLC-S, an online test provided by CISIA (https://www.cisiaonline.it/), Consorzio Interuniversitario Sistemi Integrati per l'Accesso, which must be taken prior to matriculation.
The TOLC-S is made up of questions divided into four sections: Basic Mathematics, Reasoning and Problems, Reading Comprehension, Basic Sciences. The questions are compatible with a level of in-depth analysis matching a secondary school preparation. For further details, please see:
Structure and topics of the test: https://www.cisiaonline.it/area-tematica-tolc-scienze/struttura-della-prova-e-syllabus/.

The TOLC-S includes an additional English section whose outcome does not influence the merit ranking, but it constitutes exclusively a self-assessment for the student.
The TOLC-S can be taken at the University of Milan or any other location among those indicated in the calendar available on the page https://testcisia.it/calendario.php
Registration procedures and deadlines will be indicated in the competition notice which will be published on the University website at https://www.unimi.it/it/studiare/immatricolarsi-e-iscriversi.
The merit ranking will be calculated based on the result obtained in the TOLC-S test. All candidates scoring less than 40% of the available points in the test will be excluded from the ranking.

Additional learning requirements (OFA) and remedial activities

Mathematics OFA
Students admitted to the bachelor's programme, but who have achieved a score of 10 or less in the TOLC-S section of Basic Mathematics, will be assigned Additional Educational Obligations (OFA). OFA will consist of online activities provided in the October-December period, followed by a remedial test by which the student must show evidence of improved preparation. In the absence of this evidence, the student will not be able to take any second-year exams before passing the Mathematics and Statistics exam.
Information on the page https://tops.cdl.unimi.it/it/studiare/le-matricole

Additional Learning Requirements (OFA) B1
In order to fulfil the Additional Learning Requirement (Obbligo Formativo Aggiuntivo ? OFA) for English and sit the English-language exam required by the study plan, students must achieve B1 proficiency per the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). This proficiency level may be certified as follows:
- By submitting a language certificate attesting B1 or higher level in English and issued no more than three years before the date of submission. You will find the list of language certificates recognized by the University at: https://www.unimi.it/en/node/39322. The certificate must be uploaded during the enrolment procedure, or subsequently to the portal http://studente.unimi.it/uploadCertificazioniLingue;
- By taking a placement test offered by the University Language Centre (SLAM) between October and December of the first year. Students who fail the test will be required to take a SLAM course.
The placement test is mandatory for all those who do not hold a valid certificate attesting to B1 or higher level.
Those who have not taken the placement test by the end of December or fail the end-of-course exam six times must obtain the necessary certification privately in order to fulfil the OFA and sit the English exam.

For computer science teaching, it should be noted that no credits are recognized for possession of the ECDL certificate.

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Programme description and courses list
First semester
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language SSD
Compulsory
Calculus and Statistics 6 64 Italian MAT/07
General Chemistry 8 88 Italian CHIM/03
Human Anatomy and General Biology 12 96 Italian BIO/13 BIO/16
Second semester
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language SSD
Compulsory
Analytical Chemistry 6 64 Italian CHIM/01
Organic Chemistry 8 88 Italian CHIM/06
Physics and Informatics 6 72 Italian FIS/07 INF/01
Physiology 6 48 Italian BIO/09
Scientific English 3 48 Italian L-LIN/12
be activated by the A.Y. 2025/2026
year
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language SSD
Compulsory
Pharmacology 1 and Pharmacology 2 8 64 Italian BIO/14
First semester
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language SSD
Compulsory
Biochemistry 8 64 Italian BIO/10
General Pathology 6 48 Italian MED/04
Toxicology 1 8 64 Italian BIO/14
Second semester
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language SSD
Compulsory
Chemical and Toxicological Analysis 11 128 Italian CHIM/08
Environmental Chemistry 8 64 Italian CHIM/06
Microbiology and Hygiene 8 80 Italian BIO/19
be activated by the A.Y. 2026/2027
year
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language SSD
Compulsory
Food Chemistry 10 104 Italian CHIM/10
Safety in the Manufacture of Health Products and Applied Chemical-Toxicological Analysis 14 144 Italian CHIM/08 CHIM/09
Toxicology 2 12 128 Italian BIO/14
First semester
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language SSD
Compulsory
Biotechnology 1 and Biotechnology 2 8 64 Italian BIO/14
Conclusive activities
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language SSD
Compulsory
Stage 9 0 Italian
Final Exam 3 0 Italian
Study plan rules
- The student must acquire 12 ECTS in elective educational activities. For this purpose, the degree program makes available the teachings listed below. Any semester changes will be promptly communicated. The recommended year of the course to successfully follow the teaching and take the exam is specified next to each course. Upon approval of the study plan, students may include, among the elective educational activities, teachings related to transversal skills, provided by other degree programs of the University. See also the paragraph Structure of the course - Presentation of the study plan.
Courses or activities ECTS Total hours Language Lesson period SSD
Biochemical-Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Pollutants On Human Health 6 48 Italian First semester BIO/10
Detection of Contaminants in Food Matrices: Methodological and Regulatory Aspects 6 48 Italian First semester CHIM/10
Effects of Environmental Pollutants and Endocrine Disruptors On the Health of Living Beings 6 48 Italian First semester BIO/14 MED/13
Environmental Impact Analysis and Procedures of Anthropogenic Pollutants 6 48 Italian First semester BIO/14 ICAR/03
Effect of Pollutants On Developmental Anatomy and Physiology 6 48 Italian Second semester BIO/09 BIO/16
Environmental Toxicology 6 48 Italian Second semester BIO/14
Experimental Methodologies and Models in Occupational Toxicology 6 48 Italian Second semester BIO/14
Pharmacological and Toxicological Activities of Naturally Occurring Substances 6 48 Italian Second semester BIO/14
The acquisition of credits related to Analytical Chemistry is a prerequisite to the practical activities (laboratory) of Chemical and Toxicological Analysis.
The acquisition of credits related to Organic Chemistry is a prerequisite to the practical activities (laboratory) of Applied Chemical-Toxicological Analysis.
Prescribed foundation courses
Learning activityPrescribed foundation courses
Analytical Chemistry General Chemistry (compulsory)
Biochemistry Human Anatomy and General Biology (compulsory), Organic Chemistry (compulsory)
Biotechnology 1 and Biotechnology 2 Biochemistry (compulsory), Pharmacology 1 and Pharmacology 2 (compulsory)
Chemical and Toxicological Analysis Analytical Chemistry (compulsory), Physics and Informatics (compulsory)
Environmental Chemistry Organic Chemistry (compulsory), Physics and Informatics (compulsory)
Food Chemistry Biochemistry (compulsory), Chemical and Toxicological Analysis (compulsory)
General Pathology Physiology (compulsory)
Microbiology and Hygiene General Chemistry (compulsory), Human Anatomy and General Biology (compulsory)
Organic Chemistry General Chemistry (compulsory)
Pharmacology 1 and Pharmacology 2 Physiology (compulsory)
Physiology Human Anatomy and General Biology (compulsory)
Safety in the Manufacture of Health Products and Applied Chemical-Toxicological Analysis Chemical and Toxicological Analysis (compulsory), Organic Chemistry (compulsory)
Toxicology 1 Physiology (compulsory)
Toxicology 2 Toxicology 1 (compulsory)
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Location
Milano
Erasmus and international mobility tutor 
Internship tutor
Contacts

The tuition fees for students enrolled in Bachelor's, Master's and single-cycle degree programmes are divided into two instalments with different calculation methods and payment schedules:

  • The amount of the first instalment is the same for all students
  • The amount of the second instalment varies according to the ISEE University value, the degree programme and the student status (on track / off track for one year or off track for more than a year) 
  • An additional fee is due for online programmes

The University also offers:

  • Concessions for students meeting high merit requirements
  • Diversified tuition fees according to the student's home country for international students with assets/income abroad
  • Concessions for international students with refugee status

Scholarships and benefits

The University provides a range of financial benefits to students meeting special requirements (merit, financial or personal conditions, international students).

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