Clinical practice 5th year (clerkship)

Students are trained to the basic surgical and medical skills through attendance in the ward and in the operating room. Students attend the departments of General Surgery, Thoracic surgery, Urology and Internal medicine. During the clerkship students are involved in an overview of Internal Medicine, urology and its subspecialties through rotation (organized by work shifts) in clinics, ward work, and operating room. Practical activities are used to consolidate technical and soft knowledge and skills developed during frontal lectures through:
- Ward round and clinical examination of admitted patients
- Execution of a complete physical examination and recognition of partological pictures
-Discussion of possible differential diagnoses and related exams prescrition
- Setting of a therapeutic scheme
- Physical examination of operated patients
- Multidisciplinary meeting attendance
- Operating room attendance
- Endoscopy service attendance.

Students are expected to achieve general and specific requirements:
- Surgical hand scrub
- Management of sterility during surgery
- Surgical incision and principles of hemostasis
- How a wound is sutured
- Peripheral venous cannulation
- Physical examination of the abdomen
- Wound care
- Management of abdominal drainage
- Discussion of thoracic surgery clinical cases
- Basic knowledge of standard thoracic surgery steps
- Knowledge of guidelines and basic principles to correctly address prognostic perspective of patients suffering form lung cancers.
how to take general and urologic histories and physicals (including digital rectal examination)
- how to manage patients affected by renal pain (medical therapy, bladder and kidney ultrasound, interpretation of radiological exams, indications for surgical treatment)
- how to manage patients affected by hematuria (acute treatment with bladder irrigation, bladder and kidney ultrasound, diagnostic cystoscopy)
- how to make a differential diagnosis between anuria and urinary retention (including bladder and kidney ultrasound)
- how to insert a urethral catheter and eventually perform the urethral catheterization