Organic chemistry
A.A. 2025/2026
Obiettivi formativi
The course will introduce the basics of Organic Chemistry necessary to obtain a full understanding of the chemical basis of biological molecules and their interactions.
Risultati apprendimento attesi
At the end of this class , the students are expected to be able to understand the chemical basis of the structures and interactions of biological molecules (DNA, RNA, proteins) that will be the main subject of study of the other courses of the degree, and to be able to apply the knowledge acquired to the interpretation of the results of the bioinformatic analysis of biomolecular data.
Periodo: Primo semestre
Modalità di valutazione: Esame
Giudizio di valutazione: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Corso singolo
Questo insegnamento non può essere seguito come corso singolo. Puoi trovare gli insegnamenti disponibili consultando il catalogo corsi singoli.
Programma e organizzazione didattica
Edizione unica
Responsabile
Periodo
Primo semestre
Programma
Fundamentals of general chemistry. Chemical bonding and atom hybridization. Lewis structures. Electronegativity and bond polarity. Polarity of molecules. Acids and bases.
Introduction to organic molecules and functional groups. Functional groups. Intermolecular forces. Physical properties. Biomolecules.
Alkanes and cycloalkanes. Structure, isomerism and nomenclature. Conformational analysis of linear and cyclic alkanes.
Stereochemistry. Chirality and stereogenicity. Enantiomers and diastereoisomers. Racemic mixtures and optical rotation. Stereochemical descriptors.
Alkyl halides. Nucleophilic substitutions. Elimination reactions.
Alkenes. Structure and properties. Allylic systems. Conjugation, resonance and dienes. Lipids.
Aromatic compounds. Structure and properties.
Alcohols, ethers and related compounds. Structure and properties. Hydrogen bonds and acid properties of alcohols. Oxidation and dehydration.
Amines. Structure and properties. Amines as bases.
Carbonyl compounds. Structure and properties. Reversible and irreversible nucleophilic addition. Keto-enol tautomerism.
Carbohydrates. Structure and properties. Acyclic and cyclic forms of monosaccharides. Glycosides and disaccharides.
Carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Structure and properties. Nucleophilic acyl substitution. Acid and basic hydrolysis of esters and amides. Phosphoric acid esters.
Amino acids. Structure, properties and classification based on side chains. Acid properties and isoelectric point. Peptide bond.
Enolates of carbonyl compounds. Acidity of the -carbon and substitution reactions of carbonyl compounds. Carbonyl condensation reactions. Structure and properties of -diketones, -ketoesters and -diesters. Malonic and acetoacetic synthesis, biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Heteroaromatic compounds. Structure and properties of pyridine, pyrrole, indole, imidazole. Nucleic bases: tautomeric structures and hydrogen bond formation. Structure of nucleosides and nucleotides.
Introduction to organic molecules and functional groups. Functional groups. Intermolecular forces. Physical properties. Biomolecules.
Alkanes and cycloalkanes. Structure, isomerism and nomenclature. Conformational analysis of linear and cyclic alkanes.
Stereochemistry. Chirality and stereogenicity. Enantiomers and diastereoisomers. Racemic mixtures and optical rotation. Stereochemical descriptors.
Alkyl halides. Nucleophilic substitutions. Elimination reactions.
Alkenes. Structure and properties. Allylic systems. Conjugation, resonance and dienes. Lipids.
Aromatic compounds. Structure and properties.
Alcohols, ethers and related compounds. Structure and properties. Hydrogen bonds and acid properties of alcohols. Oxidation and dehydration.
Amines. Structure and properties. Amines as bases.
Carbonyl compounds. Structure and properties. Reversible and irreversible nucleophilic addition. Keto-enol tautomerism.
Carbohydrates. Structure and properties. Acyclic and cyclic forms of monosaccharides. Glycosides and disaccharides.
Carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Structure and properties. Nucleophilic acyl substitution. Acid and basic hydrolysis of esters and amides. Phosphoric acid esters.
Amino acids. Structure, properties and classification based on side chains. Acid properties and isoelectric point. Peptide bond.
Enolates of carbonyl compounds. Acidity of the -carbon and substitution reactions of carbonyl compounds. Carbonyl condensation reactions. Structure and properties of -diketones, -ketoesters and -diesters. Malonic and acetoacetic synthesis, biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Heteroaromatic compounds. Structure and properties of pyridine, pyrrole, indole, imidazole. Nucleic bases: tautomeric structures and hydrogen bond formation. Structure of nucleosides and nucleotides.
Prerequisiti
General Chemistry concepts are a pre-requisite to a full understanding of Organic Chemistry.
Metodi didattici
Frontal lectures, with slides and blackboard exercises.
Materiale di riferimento
Any good Organic Chemistry textbook which covers exhaustively the different topics of the course.
Suggestions:
John McMurry, Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition, Cengage Learning
Janice Gorzynski Smith, Organic Chemistry 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill Education
Slides of the classes and exercises will be shared with students on the MyAriel website.
Suggestions:
John McMurry, Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition, Cengage Learning
Janice Gorzynski Smith, Organic Chemistry 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill Education
Slides of the classes and exercises will be shared with students on the MyAriel website.
Modalità di verifica dell’apprendimento e criteri di valutazione
The exam will consist of a written test which aims to verify the preparation of the student on the course contents. A series of open questions and exercises (for a total of about ten) will address different topics covered during the course, to which concise answers, including chemical formulas, structures, properties and reactions, are expected.
Docente/i
Ricevimento:
mercoledi', 10.30-12.30
Ricevimento:
martedi e giovedi 14.30-15.30
Studio - Via Golgi 19 - Dipartimento di Chimica oppure Chat in Teams (concordare via mail)