Traslational cardiovascular medicine and surgery

The course takes the students into translational cardiovascular medicine and surgery starting with a disease-centered approach and ending with a patient-oriented approach of cardiovascular medicine and surgery. It is designed in three blocks, each one presenting a main topic: cardiovascular diseases, vascular surgery and cardiac surgery. Taking anatomy and epidemiology as starting point, the course focuses on the most important aspects of these pathologies examining risk factors, pathophysiological and clinical aspects. Special attention is given to the clinical presentation. The course describes the main diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Students are expected to: - describe the severity of heart failure, evaluate the prognosis of the HF patient, recognise and describe the clinical role of HF comorbidities and principles of HF treatment. - understand the indications for surgery in HF and the traditional surgical approaches and Describe the indications and eligibility for heart transplantation - describe the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical features of arrhythmias and conduction disturbances - discuss when a pacemaker is needed, describe the different types of pacemaker, cardiac defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization therapy - describe the treatment of Coronary Artery Disease) - describe the treatment Treatment of Pulmonary Artery Hypertention - describe the treatment of myocardial infarction - describe diagnosis and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, infective endocarditis and fluid retention. - describe the role of open surgery and endovascular stenting - describe the actual role of open surgery and endovascular therapy - describe the most recent indications for treatment and diagnostic tools of Aortic Diseases - describe incidence, social impact and modern diagnosis and Conservative and advanced minimal invasive management of superficial and deep vein diseases - describe the basics of cardiac surgery - describe the indications for surgical therapy of Coronoary Artery Disease - describe the clinical presentation of Aortic Valve Disease, the role of diagnostic workup in AVD, the current indications for AVD operation and post-surgical management - describe the clinical presentation of Mitral and tricuspid valve disease, the role of diagnostic workup in MTVD, the current indications for MTVD operation and post-surgical management - describe the indications for ascending aortic aneurysm operation and the rationale for valve sparing, the clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of acute aortic syndromes, the natural history of AAS and the indications for surgery - describe transposition of the great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot, aortic coarctation.