Organic Chemistry Ii

Goals
The objective of the course is to provide the student with the most important knowledge related to the chemistry of carbocyclic and heterocyclic aromatic compounds, and to give them the most useful information and concepts to become familiar in the design of the synthesis of the above mentioned classes of molecules.


Acquired skills

Skills acquired by the students at the end of the course are the knowledge of the chemistry of aromatic systems. In particular, thanks to the knowledge get in the course, they will achieve competences in the design of the synthesis of aromatic and heteroaromatic systems, even of pharmacological interest.

Course content
The course is composed of both theoretical classes and exercises. During theoretical classes, the concepts of aromaticity and antiaromaticity, and the fundamental structural characteristics of aromatic carbocyclic systems (benzene and derivatives) on which is based their reactivity are illustrated. Then, the main classes of reactions such as electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution, are presented, showing in details the mechanism and scope. The main classes of aromatic compounds are described. In particular, characteristics, reactivity and synthesis of arenes and alkylarenes, naphthalene, aryl and arylaliphatic arenes, nitrogen derivatives (nitro-, nitroso-, and azocompounds, arylhydroxylamines, mono- and diarylhydrazines, aromatic amines, diazonium salts), phenols and derivatives, aldehydes and ketones, nitriles, carboxylic acids and derivatives, sulfur compounds, quinones. In the second part of the course, the most important classes of heteroaromatic compounds are described, with their structural characteristics, reactivity and synthesis. In particular, pyrrole, furan, thiophene and their benzocondensed indole, benzofuran and benzothiophene are presented, some six-member atoms heterocyclic compounds such as pyridine, quinoline and isoquinoline are described. Finally, some selected information about five-member heterocycles containing two heteroatoms such as imidazole, pyrazole and isooxazole is given. The course is divided in three parts: after each part a set of interactive exercises related to the topic described are organized. TOTAL 64h (48h+16)

Suggested prerequisites
General chemistry, Organic Chemistry I


Reference material
Students will be provided with the complete set of copies of slides presented during lessons, with several integration with written explanations. In addition, the following books are recommended:

1] Brown, Foote, Iverson, Anslyn, CHIMICA ORGANICA IV edizione
2] Marc Loudon, CHIMICA ORGANICA

Students can communicate with the teacher through e-mail, or making an appointment to take advantage of the weekly reception time.

Assessment method
In order to simplify the learning of the subject, and to facilitate the verification of knowledge, three examinations are organized, each at the end of the three parts of the course. The final marks will result from the average of the three marks. Students that will not attend exercise lessons and therefore will not be admitted to these three examinations, or that will not reach the 18/30 marks, can take the entire exam in one of the ten ordinary exam sessions.

Language of instruction
Italian

Attendance Policy:
Theoretical lessons: Highly recommended.
Exercises lessons: mandatory


Mode of teaching:
traditional


Website: [optional]
https://elicandroco2.ariel.ctu.unimi.it/v5/Home/