Biology, Histology and Embryology
A.Y. 2019/2020
Learning objectives
The general objective of the course is to provide students with basic knowledge on organisms belonging to the five kingdoms of living things: bacteria, fungi, algae, plants, animals. It is particularly noted how plant and animal organisms are closely interlinked with each other, with metabolic functions homologous, if not similar. It also demonstrates the morphological and functional characteristics of the various animal tissues and the general principles of embryonic development with special reference to domestic species.
Expected learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding
the student must demonstrate knowledge of the structure and the main functions of the animal and plant cell, the morphological and functional characteristics of the various animal tissues and the general principles of embryonic development.
Applying knowledge and understanding
the student will have to demonstrate to be able to apply the concepts acquired during the lectures and to be able to recognize and describe the different histological preparations.
Making judgments
the student will have to demonstrate to be able to critically examine and argue all the information provided during the lessons and derived from the recommended texts.
Communication skills
The student must demonstrate the ability to communicate the skills acquired with an appropriate and updated terminology, consistent with that used in other disciplines, both during lessons and during practical lessons
the student must demonstrate knowledge of the structure and the main functions of the animal and plant cell, the morphological and functional characteristics of the various animal tissues and the general principles of embryonic development.
Applying knowledge and understanding
the student will have to demonstrate to be able to apply the concepts acquired during the lectures and to be able to recognize and describe the different histological preparations.
Making judgments
the student will have to demonstrate to be able to critically examine and argue all the information provided during the lessons and derived from the recommended texts.
Communication skills
The student must demonstrate the ability to communicate the skills acquired with an appropriate and updated terminology, consistent with that used in other disciplines, both during lessons and during practical lessons
Lesson period: First semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
First semester
Prerequisites for admission
NO PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE IS REQUIRED
Assessment methods and Criteria
The examination takes place in a single trial to verify knowledge and understanding of the student and his ability to apply knowledge and understanding.
1) Written test:
· Botany: twenty multiple-choice questions (5 answers) with the possibility of choosing only one or more correct answers. In case of no answer or wrong answer, the question is not considered.
· Zoology: twenty multiple-choice questions (5 answers) with the possibility of choosing only one or more correct answers. In case of no answer or wrong answer, the question is not considered.
· Histology and Embryology: twenty multiple-choice questions (5 answers) with the possibility of choosing only one or more correct answers. In case of no answer or wrong answer, the question is not considered.
2) Practical Test:
Recognition of the tissues present in histological preparations.
The final mark of the three written tests, expressed in thirtieths, corresponds to the weighted average of the two written tests. The practical test is essential for passing the exam. If passed brilliantly leads to the increase of one point of the final vote.
Exam are in number of 8 in the Academic year and take place in the months of January, February, April, June, July, September, October and December. There are no additional calls for out-of-course. To take the exam, it is essential to register for the exam through the ONLINE SIFA service of the University and must have attended not less than 75% of the hours both theoretical and practices.
1) Written test:
· Botany: twenty multiple-choice questions (5 answers) with the possibility of choosing only one or more correct answers. In case of no answer or wrong answer, the question is not considered.
· Zoology: twenty multiple-choice questions (5 answers) with the possibility of choosing only one or more correct answers. In case of no answer or wrong answer, the question is not considered.
· Histology and Embryology: twenty multiple-choice questions (5 answers) with the possibility of choosing only one or more correct answers. In case of no answer or wrong answer, the question is not considered.
2) Practical Test:
Recognition of the tissues present in histological preparations.
The final mark of the three written tests, expressed in thirtieths, corresponds to the weighted average of the two written tests. The practical test is essential for passing the exam. If passed brilliantly leads to the increase of one point of the final vote.
Exam are in number of 8 in the Academic year and take place in the months of January, February, April, June, July, September, October and December. There are no additional calls for out-of-course. To take the exam, it is essential to register for the exam through the ONLINE SIFA service of the University and must have attended not less than 75% of the hours both theoretical and practices.
Biologia animale
Course syllabus
MODULE OBJECTIVES
The module is divided into three parts. In the first part the concept will be illustrated that living organisms, whatever realm they belong to, are united by a common cellular organization.
In the second part the basic concepts concerning the organization of the animal body will be illustated in order to enable the student to understand how body shape and function are related. In the third part the concept of evolution will be presented followed by brief introduction to the systematic organization of the animal kingdom.
MODULE ORGANIZATION
The cell:
Introduction to animals organization and physiology (2 hours)
General characteristics of the cell (2 hours)
The membrane structure (1 hours)
The cellular organization (2 hour)
Metabolism and cellular respiration (1 hours)
Cell communication and cell cycle (2 hours)
Structure and function of animals:
Multicellularity (1 hours)
Animal nutrition (2 hours)
Regulation of internal environment (2 hours)
Animal Reproduction and Development (2 hours)
Animal diversity:
The evolution (2 hours)
Introduction to animal taxonomy (1 hours)
Invertebrates: main characteristics of molluscs, arthropods, flatworms and nematodes (2 hours)
Vertebrates: main characteristics of Chordates: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals (2 hours)
The module is divided into three parts. In the first part the concept will be illustrated that living organisms, whatever realm they belong to, are united by a common cellular organization.
In the second part the basic concepts concerning the organization of the animal body will be illustated in order to enable the student to understand how body shape and function are related. In the third part the concept of evolution will be presented followed by brief introduction to the systematic organization of the animal kingdom.
MODULE ORGANIZATION
The cell:
Introduction to animals organization and physiology (2 hours)
General characteristics of the cell (2 hours)
The membrane structure (1 hours)
The cellular organization (2 hour)
Metabolism and cellular respiration (1 hours)
Cell communication and cell cycle (2 hours)
Structure and function of animals:
Multicellularity (1 hours)
Animal nutrition (2 hours)
Regulation of internal environment (2 hours)
Animal Reproduction and Development (2 hours)
Animal diversity:
The evolution (2 hours)
Introduction to animal taxonomy (1 hours)
Invertebrates: main characteristics of molluscs, arthropods, flatworms and nematodes (2 hours)
Vertebrates: main characteristics of Chordates: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals (2 hours)
Teaching methods
Lectures and handouts
Teaching Resources
Biologia Generale Robert J. Brooker, et al. Editore: McGraw-Hill Education ISBN: 9788838665257
Zoologia Cleveland P. Hickman Jr., et al. Editore: McGraw-Hill Education ISBN: 9788838615382
Zoologia Cleveland P. Hickman Jr., et al. Editore: McGraw-Hill Education ISBN: 9788838615382
Biologia vegetale
Course syllabus
Basis of modern biology. Cell theory and endosynbonic theory; evolution, genetic code, homeostasis and energy. Living classification: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Main characteristics of prokaryotes. Azotofixer bacteria: symbiosis and role Rhizobium in legume nodules (2 hours).
The plant cell. General characteristics and in-depth analysis of the plant's own structures. Cell wall, vacuoles and plastids (2 hours)
Water transport in plant cells and tissues. Functional role of the vacuoles. Distinctive characteristics of plant tissues. Architectural organization of cells in the plant world. The algae. Algae cultivation systems (2 hours).
Growth of plant cells. Apical meristems, function of the cap. Vegetative apex. Tegumental tissues. Epidermis, accessory cells, stomata, cork, rhizoderm (2 hours).
Conductive tissues (xylem and phloem), mechanical (collenchyma and sclerenchyma), parenchymal (fundamental, reserve, aeriferous, aquifer), T secretory (2 hours).
Plants: Morphological characteristics of the leaves. The leaf as an organ responsible for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll parenchyma. Mineral nutrition. Main characteristics of vascular plants: angiosperms and gymnosperms, monocotyledonous and dicotyledons. The seed: structure, role and mode of dispersion (2 hours).
Open lesson at the Botanical Garden of Città Studi. Knowledge of the main plant varieties. Adaptation to the environments. Plants with different reproductive systems (2 hours).
Secondary metabolites of plants. Analysis of metabolite parameters. Compounds with medical interest. Functional foods (2 hours).
Genetically modified organisms, Green biotechnology and genetically modified plants. Agrobaterium tumefaciens as a method of transformation. European legislation on genetically modified plants (marketing-authorization). EFSA's role in monitoring the safety of GM products (4 hours).
Phytoremediation. Eutrophication. Plants as a phytoremedium system for the recovery of heavy metals from the manure of intensive farms (2 hours).
Plants and nutrition. Crops. Nutritional evaluation of foods. Main chemical analysis of foods of plant origin, dry matter (2 hours).
The plant cell. General characteristics and in-depth analysis of the plant's own structures. Cell wall, vacuoles and plastids (2 hours)
Water transport in plant cells and tissues. Functional role of the vacuoles. Distinctive characteristics of plant tissues. Architectural organization of cells in the plant world. The algae. Algae cultivation systems (2 hours).
Growth of plant cells. Apical meristems, function of the cap. Vegetative apex. Tegumental tissues. Epidermis, accessory cells, stomata, cork, rhizoderm (2 hours).
Conductive tissues (xylem and phloem), mechanical (collenchyma and sclerenchyma), parenchymal (fundamental, reserve, aeriferous, aquifer), T secretory (2 hours).
Plants: Morphological characteristics of the leaves. The leaf as an organ responsible for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll parenchyma. Mineral nutrition. Main characteristics of vascular plants: angiosperms and gymnosperms, monocotyledonous and dicotyledons. The seed: structure, role and mode of dispersion (2 hours).
Open lesson at the Botanical Garden of Città Studi. Knowledge of the main plant varieties. Adaptation to the environments. Plants with different reproductive systems (2 hours).
Secondary metabolites of plants. Analysis of metabolite parameters. Compounds with medical interest. Functional foods (2 hours).
Genetically modified organisms, Green biotechnology and genetically modified plants. Agrobaterium tumefaciens as a method of transformation. European legislation on genetically modified plants (marketing-authorization). EFSA's role in monitoring the safety of GM products (4 hours).
Phytoremediation. Eutrophication. Plants as a phytoremedium system for the recovery of heavy metals from the manure of intensive farms (2 hours).
Plants and nutrition. Crops. Nutritional evaluation of foods. Main chemical analysis of foods of plant origin, dry matter (2 hours).
Teaching methods
Lectures, critical analysis of scientific papers and reference legislation
Teaching Resources
lectures and handouts
Istologia ed embriologia
Course syllabus
Lectures
General organization of tissues and organs (2 hours)
Epithelial and glandular tissue (3 hours)
Connective tissue (2 hours)
Adipose tissue, cartilage and bone (3 hours)
Blood and lymph tissue (2 hours)
Nervous tissue (2 hours)
Male and female gametogenesis (2 hours)
Fertilization and pre-implantation development (3 hours)
Gastrulation and morphogenetic processes (3 hours)
Placentation (2 hours)
Practical classes
Principles of microscopy (2 hours)
Practical use of microscopy (2 hours)
Epithelial tissues (2 hours)
Connective tissues (2 hours)
Bone tissue (2 hours)
Blood, cartilage, and adipose tissues (2 hours)
Muscle tissues (2 hours)
Nervous tissue (2 hours)
General organization of tissues and organs (2 hours)
Epithelial and glandular tissue (3 hours)
Connective tissue (2 hours)
Adipose tissue, cartilage and bone (3 hours)
Blood and lymph tissue (2 hours)
Nervous tissue (2 hours)
Male and female gametogenesis (2 hours)
Fertilization and pre-implantation development (3 hours)
Gastrulation and morphogenetic processes (3 hours)
Placentation (2 hours)
Practical classes
Principles of microscopy (2 hours)
Practical use of microscopy (2 hours)
Epithelial tissues (2 hours)
Connective tissues (2 hours)
Bone tissue (2 hours)
Blood, cartilage, and adipose tissues (2 hours)
Muscle tissues (2 hours)
Nervous tissue (2 hours)
Teaching methods
Lectures and practical classes on individual microscopes
Teaching Resources
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
· A. Calligaro et al. CITOLOGIA E ISTOLOGIA FUNZIONALE, Edi-Ermes Milano
· Hyttel, Sinowatz, Vejlsted Betteridge, Essentials of Domestic Animal Embryology" Saunders Ltd.; 1 edition (December 6, 2009) 472 pages ISBN-10: 0702028991;ISBN-13: 978-0702028991
FURTHER READINGS
· H-D Dellmann & J.R. Carithers CITOLOGIA E ANATOMIA MICROSCOPICA VETERINARIA, Edi-Ermes Milano.
· D.M. Noden e A. De Lahunta -Embriologia degli animali domestici - Edi-Ermes, Milano.
· A. Calligaro et al. CITOLOGIA E ISTOLOGIA FUNZIONALE, Edi-Ermes Milano
· Hyttel, Sinowatz, Vejlsted Betteridge, Essentials of Domestic Animal Embryology" Saunders Ltd.; 1 edition (December 6, 2009) 472 pages ISBN-10: 0702028991;ISBN-13: 978-0702028991
FURTHER READINGS
· H-D Dellmann & J.R. Carithers CITOLOGIA E ANATOMIA MICROSCOPICA VETERINARIA, Edi-Ermes Milano.
· D.M. Noden e A. De Lahunta -Embriologia degli animali domestici - Edi-Ermes, Milano.
Modules or teaching units
Biologia animale
BIO/01 - GENERAL BOTANY - University credits: 3
Lessons: 24 hours
Professor:
Pennarossa Georgia
Shifts:
-
Professor:
Pennarossa Georgia
Biologia vegetale
BIO/05 - ZOOLOGY - University credits: 3
Lessons: 24 hours
Professor:
Rossi Luciana
Shifts:
-
Professor:
Rossi Luciana
Istologia ed embriologia
VET/01 - VETERINARY ANATOMY - University credits: 4
Practicals: 16 hours
Lessons: 24 hours
Lessons: 24 hours
Professor:
Gandolfi Fulvio
Shifts:
-
Professor:
Gandolfi FulvioTurno 2 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Gandolfi FulvioTurno 1 per un gruppo di studenti
Professor:
Gandolfi FulvioTurno unico per tutti gli studenti
Professor:
Gandolfi FulvioProfessor(s)
Reception:
From Monday to Friday upon appointment
Office or after the lectures