General Physics 2
A.Y. 2020/2021
Learning objectives
The teaching of General Physics 2 has the purpose of providing the basic concepts of electricity and magnetism. Its goal is the discussion of the fundamental laws of Maxwell electromagnetic theory. The electric and magnetic static and time-dependent fields, the general properties of waves and the electromagnetic waves will be treated. Particular importance will be given to the resolution of problems on the basic topics of the course.
Expected learning outcomes
Mastery of the topics of the program; basic knowledge on classic electromagnetism; ability of analysis and synthesis that enable students to identify the most effective techniques in order to solve the proposed problems.
Lesson period: First semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Lesson period
First semester
Teaching methods - Lectures and exercises will be held using the Zoom or Microsoft Teams platform, mainly in synchronous mode, following the official timetable of the degree course in Mathematics.
Program and reference material - will not change.
Learning assessment procedures and evaluation criteria - The final exam will be carried out using the Zoom or Microsoft Teams platform, following the methods illustrated on the Ariel portal and with the same structure as the face-to-face tests. The assessment criteria will be the same as those indicated for the non-emergency situations.
Student reception meetings will be organized with the Zoom or Microsoft Teams platform.
Program and reference material - will not change.
Learning assessment procedures and evaluation criteria - The final exam will be carried out using the Zoom or Microsoft Teams platform, following the methods illustrated on the Ariel portal and with the same structure as the face-to-face tests. The assessment criteria will be the same as those indicated for the non-emergency situations.
Student reception meetings will be organized with the Zoom or Microsoft Teams platform.
Course syllabus
Electrostatics
Electric charge properties and Coulomb law
Electrostatic induction
Electrostatic force, field and potential
Point-like particles and charge continuum distributions
Electrostatic energy of a charge system
Flux of the electrostatic field - Gauss theorem
Maxwell equations (integral and local form) for the electrostatic field in vacuum
Poisson Equation - Laplace Equation
Conductors and capacitors - Capacity - Electrostatic energy
Electric current and dc circuits
Current intensity and density - Electric current continuity equation - Stationary current regime
Resistors - Electric resistance, resistivity and conductivity
Ohm laws - Joule effect - Electromotive force
Magnetostatics
Lorentz force and magnetic field vector B
Magnetic force and mechanical moments on a conductor with current - Laplace second elementary law - Ampère equivalence principle
Magnetic field due to dc: Biot-Savart law - Laplace first elementary law - Ampère-Laplace law
Ampère circuital law
Magnetic flux
Maxwell equations (integral and local form) for the magnetic field generated by stationary electric currents in vacuum
Time-dependent electric and magnetic fields
Electromagnetic induction - Faraday law - Lenz law
Physical origin of the induced electromotive force
Magnetic field measurements - Felici law
Self-induction - self flux - inductance - self-induced electromotive force
Examples of time-dependent currents: RC circuits, RL circuits
Magnetic energy
Electric oscillations: ideal LC circuits
Displacement current - Ampère-Maxwell law
Maxwell equations for time-dependent electric and magnetic fields in vacuum (integral and local form)
Electromagnetic energy density
Waves
Types of waves, transverse/longitudinal waves
Plane wave - d'Alembert equation
Progressive/regressive waves - Principle of superposition
Plane harmonic wave: amplitude, period, wavelength, frequency, angular frequency
Hints on the Fourier analysis
Wave on an elastic and ideal string: propagation velocity, average power carried by the wave, linear density of mechanical energy, wave intensity
Waves in several dimensions: wave front, plane/spherical/circular/cylindrical harmonic wave, propagation vector, wave-function, average power, amplitude, intensity
Electromagnetic waves (em waves)
From Maxwell equations to the wave equation for E and B fields in vacuum
Plane em wave: properties
Harmonic plane em wave -linear/elliptical/circular polarization
Energy of an em wave - Poynting vector
Intensity carried by an em wave
Continuity equation for the em energy - Poynting theorem
Interaction between em waves and charged matter: energy and linear momentum of an em wave - radiation pressure
Electric charge properties and Coulomb law
Electrostatic induction
Electrostatic force, field and potential
Point-like particles and charge continuum distributions
Electrostatic energy of a charge system
Flux of the electrostatic field - Gauss theorem
Maxwell equations (integral and local form) for the electrostatic field in vacuum
Poisson Equation - Laplace Equation
Conductors and capacitors - Capacity - Electrostatic energy
Electric current and dc circuits
Current intensity and density - Electric current continuity equation - Stationary current regime
Resistors - Electric resistance, resistivity and conductivity
Ohm laws - Joule effect - Electromotive force
Magnetostatics
Lorentz force and magnetic field vector B
Magnetic force and mechanical moments on a conductor with current - Laplace second elementary law - Ampère equivalence principle
Magnetic field due to dc: Biot-Savart law - Laplace first elementary law - Ampère-Laplace law
Ampère circuital law
Magnetic flux
Maxwell equations (integral and local form) for the magnetic field generated by stationary electric currents in vacuum
Time-dependent electric and magnetic fields
Electromagnetic induction - Faraday law - Lenz law
Physical origin of the induced electromotive force
Magnetic field measurements - Felici law
Self-induction - self flux - inductance - self-induced electromotive force
Examples of time-dependent currents: RC circuits, RL circuits
Magnetic energy
Electric oscillations: ideal LC circuits
Displacement current - Ampère-Maxwell law
Maxwell equations for time-dependent electric and magnetic fields in vacuum (integral and local form)
Electromagnetic energy density
Waves
Types of waves, transverse/longitudinal waves
Plane wave - d'Alembert equation
Progressive/regressive waves - Principle of superposition
Plane harmonic wave: amplitude, period, wavelength, frequency, angular frequency
Hints on the Fourier analysis
Wave on an elastic and ideal string: propagation velocity, average power carried by the wave, linear density of mechanical energy, wave intensity
Waves in several dimensions: wave front, plane/spherical/circular/cylindrical harmonic wave, propagation vector, wave-function, average power, amplitude, intensity
Electromagnetic waves (em waves)
From Maxwell equations to the wave equation for E and B fields in vacuum
Plane em wave: properties
Harmonic plane em wave -linear/elliptical/circular polarization
Energy of an em wave - Poynting vector
Intensity carried by an em wave
Continuity equation for the em energy - Poynting theorem
Interaction between em waves and charged matter: energy and linear momentum of an em wave - radiation pressure
Prerequisites for admission
In order to easily follow the course, an adequate knowledge of the program of General Physics 1 is required.
Teaching methods
Traditional
Teaching Resources
P. Mazzoldi, M. Nigro, C. Voci , FISICA, Vol II, EdiSES
C. Mencuccini, V. Silvestrini, FISICA II, Liguori Editore
C. Mencuccini, V. Silvestrini, FISICA II, Liguori Editore
Assessment methods and Criteria
The final examination consists of a written test, during which neither books nor notes can be used. The written test is divided into two parts: a) solution of 3 exercises similar to those proposed during the course (maximum score 30/30); b) discussion of a theoretical topic to be chosen from two proposed topics concerning arguments covered during the course (maximum score 28/30). Duration of the written test: 3 hours. The exam is passed if both the grade of part a) and that of part b) is ≥ 18/30 and the proposed grade is the arithmetic average between the evaluation of part a) and that of part b). Students who wish to improve the proposed mark can request an oral exam which can be taken either during the same exam session or during the following exam session. An insufficient oral test leads to a reduction in the proposed grade. In some situations, the teacher can request an oral exam.
FIS/01 - EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
FIS/02 - THEORETICAL PHYSICS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS AND METHODS
FIS/03 - PHYSICS OF MATTER
FIS/04 - NUCLEAR AND SUBNUCLEAR PHYSICS
FIS/05 - ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
FIS/06 - PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND OF THE CIRCUMTERRESTRIAL MEDIUM
FIS/07 - APPLIED PHYSICS
FIS/08 - PHYSICS TEACHING AND HISTORY OF PHYSICS
FIS/02 - THEORETICAL PHYSICS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS AND METHODS
FIS/03 - PHYSICS OF MATTER
FIS/04 - NUCLEAR AND SUBNUCLEAR PHYSICS
FIS/05 - ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
FIS/06 - PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND OF THE CIRCUMTERRESTRIAL MEDIUM
FIS/07 - APPLIED PHYSICS
FIS/08 - PHYSICS TEACHING AND HISTORY OF PHYSICS
Practicals: 48 hours
Lessons: 45 hours
Lessons: 45 hours
Professors:
Cavinato Michela, Pini Davide Enrico
Professor(s)