Non-Destructive Analyses
A.Y. 2021/2022
Learning objectives
The course introduces students to the fundamentals and applications of the main imaging techniques applied to the study of cultural materials. The course is aimed at learning the principles and techniques of diagnostic imaging applied to the study of objects of historical and artistic interest. The topics covered will include the basics of multi-band "Imaging" techniques, from photography in the visible to that in other bands of the electromagnetic spectrum such as ultraviolet, infrared and radiographic imaging. Post-processing aspects for a correct color management and for the processing and interpretation of false and pseudo-color images will be covered. Multi and hyperspectral imaging techniques will also be introduced. In addition to traditional techniques, some computational techniques such as reflectance transformation imaging and 3D photogrammetry will be covered. For each technique covered, case studies of particular interest will be considered and discussed.
Expected learning outcomes
The student will develop the basic knowledge related to the principles of a correct multiband photographic acquisition; understand and distinguish the methods for reading, analyzing and interpreting the results of the techniques considered in the course. He will be able to correctly apply the basic post-production methods knowing their limits and potentialities. The student will also understand the potentialities and the limits of the use of image data as a method of analysis not only in terms of materials or morphology but also of the methods of realization of the object under investigation. Finally, the student will know how to evaluate, during the possibile diagnostic project, which standard or advanced techniques will be the most suitable for the specific characteristics of the object under examination.
Lesson period: Second semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
Second semester
Lectures will be taught in presence when permitted or via online platform in emergency conditions. The platform will be Microsoft Teams in synchronous mode.
Information on the organization of the lessons and on how to access Microsoft Teams, as well as any other information on teaching will be available on the ARIEL site of the course: it is therefore recommended to consult it regularly. According to the evolution of the epidemic and in compliance with the relevant regulations, the modalities of the activities planned in the classroom may be modified, informing the students through the ARIEL page.
Information on the organization of the lessons and on how to access Microsoft Teams, as well as any other information on teaching will be available on the ARIEL site of the course: it is therefore recommended to consult it regularly. According to the evolution of the epidemic and in compliance with the relevant regulations, the modalities of the activities planned in the classroom may be modified, informing the students through the ARIEL page.
Course syllabus
Photographic techniques and technical photography: history, physical principles and methods. Lenses, detectors and acquisition systems.
Experimental set-ups for the correct acquisition of visible light images. Types of detectors, sources and illumination (diffused, grazing, transmitted).
Images post-production: RAW, TIFF, PNG and JPG formats. Use of colorimetric targets for color management, limits and potentialities. Colorimetric spaces for images.
Computational techniques: HDR, focus-stacking, reflectance transformation imaging, 3D photogrammetry.
Infrared imaging: characteristics and use of the different bands NIR, SWIR and LWIR to exploit the optical and thermal phenomena in the interaction light-matter, set-up and images post-processing.
Fluorescence imaging from ultraviolet to infrared, set-up and images post-processing.
False and pseudo-color imaging: methods of image processing and analytical interpretation.
Multiband, multispectral and hyperspectral imaging: definitions, differences and applications.
"Gigapixel images", methods of processing and visualization of multiband images with high spatial resolution.
Radiographic imaging, set-up, detector types and comparison with optical and thermal imaging techniques.
Point spectroscopies vs mapping: comparison, potentialities, computational aspects for data-processing.
Imaging for conservation.
For each technique covered by the course it will be presented several up to date case studies in order to highlight the specific potential and limitations.
Experimental set-ups for the correct acquisition of visible light images. Types of detectors, sources and illumination (diffused, grazing, transmitted).
Images post-production: RAW, TIFF, PNG and JPG formats. Use of colorimetric targets for color management, limits and potentialities. Colorimetric spaces for images.
Computational techniques: HDR, focus-stacking, reflectance transformation imaging, 3D photogrammetry.
Infrared imaging: characteristics and use of the different bands NIR, SWIR and LWIR to exploit the optical and thermal phenomena in the interaction light-matter, set-up and images post-processing.
Fluorescence imaging from ultraviolet to infrared, set-up and images post-processing.
False and pseudo-color imaging: methods of image processing and analytical interpretation.
Multiband, multispectral and hyperspectral imaging: definitions, differences and applications.
"Gigapixel images", methods of processing and visualization of multiband images with high spatial resolution.
Radiographic imaging, set-up, detector types and comparison with optical and thermal imaging techniques.
Point spectroscopies vs mapping: comparison, potentialities, computational aspects for data-processing.
Imaging for conservation.
For each technique covered by the course it will be presented several up to date case studies in order to highlight the specific potential and limitations.
Prerequisites for admission
Elements of basic chemistry and physics (atoms, molecules, energy, electromagnetic spectrum, optics, light-matter interaction).
Teaching methods
Lectures and excercise.
Teaching Resources
Lectures slides ide lectures and texts already used for other fundamental courses.
During the course, articles and publications will be shared.
For further study we suggest:
G. Verhoeven, Basics of photography for cultural heritage imaging, in: 3D Recording, Documentation and Management of Cultural Heritage, Whittles Publishing, 2016: pp. 127-251.
C.S. Johnson, Science for the curious photographer: an introduction to the science of photography, Routledge, 2017.
M. Boscarol, Prima lezione sul colore, Tarka, 2019.
J. Dyer, G. Verri, J. Cupitt, Multispectral Imaging in Reflectance and Photo-induced Luminescence Modes: A User Manual, British Museum, 2013.
J. Tum, A. Middleton, Radiography of cultural material, Routledge, 2006.
During the course, articles and publications will be shared.
For further study we suggest:
G. Verhoeven, Basics of photography for cultural heritage imaging, in: 3D Recording, Documentation and Management of Cultural Heritage, Whittles Publishing, 2016: pp. 127-251.
C.S. Johnson, Science for the curious photographer: an introduction to the science of photography, Routledge, 2017.
M. Boscarol, Prima lezione sul colore, Tarka, 2019.
J. Dyer, G. Verri, J. Cupitt, Multispectral Imaging in Reflectance and Photo-induced Luminescence Modes: A User Manual, British Museum, 2013.
J. Tum, A. Middleton, Radiography of cultural material, Routledge, 2006.
Assessment methods and Criteria
Three written multiple-choice and open-answer tests during the course at the end of specific parts of the program. Final oral interview based on the discussion of a scientific paper chosen by the student and agreed with the teacher and some questions based on the results of the partial tests.
Written and oral exam (article presentation and questions) for non-attending students or for those who did not pass the partial test.
Written and oral exam (article presentation and questions) for non-attending students or for those who did not pass the partial test.
ING-IND/23 - APPLIED PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - University credits: 6
Lessons: 48 hours
Professor:
Gargano Marco
Professor(s)