Biological Basis of Wellness
A.Y. 2023/2024
Learning objectives
The course provides knowledge in:
- the theoretical elements of the effects of the absence/excess of hormones involved in sports and physical activity and the theoretical principles underlying doping and antidoping
- the analytical biochemical/biomolecular methods for monitoring the effects of physical activity on health and well-being
- the biological methods and their use in genetic manipulation in sports
- the biochemical-molecular aspects of the development and differentiation of skeletal muscle
- the biomolecular processes underlying muscular hypertrophy and regenerative processes
- the theoretical elements of the effects of the absence/excess of hormones involved in sports and physical activity and the theoretical principles underlying doping and antidoping
- the analytical biochemical/biomolecular methods for monitoring the effects of physical activity on health and well-being
- the biological methods and their use in genetic manipulation in sports
- the biochemical-molecular aspects of the development and differentiation of skeletal muscle
- the biomolecular processes underlying muscular hypertrophy and regenerative processes
Expected learning outcomes
Students will acquire the ability to critically analyze diverse aspects of physical activity (e.g., hormonal regulation, biochemical and biomolecular mechanisms in physical exercise) and to evaluate biochemical-molecular parameters for understanding the effects of exercise. On completing the course, students will possess a comprehensive overview of hormonal and biochemical-molecular effects of physical exercise and how to evaluate them.
Lesson period: First semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course can be attended as a single course.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
First semester
Course syllabus
Clinical biochemistry
Definition and utility of biochemical/molecular biomarkers for monitoring the effects of physical activity and to individualize training programs
Monitoring of the efficacy of physical activity in adults and older adults
- evaluation of sarcopenia
- evaluation of oxidative stress
- evaluation of inflammatory stress
- evaluation of satellite cells
- biochemical evaluation of cardiovascular status
Monitoring of the efficacy of physical activity in some pathologies:
- osteoporosis
- cancer
- musculoskeletal diseases
- inflammatory diseases
- neurodegenerative diseases
Muscle biochemistry
Il processo di differenziamento muscolare scheletrico.
Cellule satelliti muscolari: origine, caratteristiche e funzioni.
Il processo di rigenerazione del muscolo scheletrico.
Regolazione della massa muscolare: principali fattori e vie di segnale coinvolti; ruolo delle proteine di struttura del sarcomero e dei costameri. Atrofia muscolare.
Endocrinology
Hormones, receptors, mechanisms of action
Pathophysiology of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid axis
Pathophysiology of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis
Pathophysiology of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-gonad axis
GH-IGF-I axis, growth hormone, and physical exercise
Glucose metabolism and energy substrates
Pathophysiology of adipose tissue
Obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and physical exercise
Bone metabolism and physical exercise
Definition and utility of biochemical/molecular biomarkers for monitoring the effects of physical activity and to individualize training programs
Monitoring of the efficacy of physical activity in adults and older adults
- evaluation of sarcopenia
- evaluation of oxidative stress
- evaluation of inflammatory stress
- evaluation of satellite cells
- biochemical evaluation of cardiovascular status
Monitoring of the efficacy of physical activity in some pathologies:
- osteoporosis
- cancer
- musculoskeletal diseases
- inflammatory diseases
- neurodegenerative diseases
Muscle biochemistry
Il processo di differenziamento muscolare scheletrico.
Cellule satelliti muscolari: origine, caratteristiche e funzioni.
Il processo di rigenerazione del muscolo scheletrico.
Regolazione della massa muscolare: principali fattori e vie di segnale coinvolti; ruolo delle proteine di struttura del sarcomero e dei costameri. Atrofia muscolare.
Endocrinology
Hormones, receptors, mechanisms of action
Pathophysiology of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid axis
Pathophysiology of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis
Pathophysiology of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-gonad axis
GH-IGF-I axis, growth hormone, and physical exercise
Glucose metabolism and energy substrates
Pathophysiology of adipose tissue
Obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and physical exercise
Bone metabolism and physical exercise
Prerequisites for admission
Previous knowledge of:
- elements of human anatomy
- elements of general biochemistry
- elements of human anatomy
- elements of general biochemistry
Teaching methods
Frontal lectures and interactive activities
Teaching Resources
Lecture slides will be uploaded to the Ariel portal; scientific articles will be uploaded to the Ariel portal.
https://www.endotext.org
Core curriculum. Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, G.Faglia, P.Beck-Peccoz, 2014 McGraw-Hill ISBN 978883863979
https://www.endotext.org
Core curriculum. Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, G.Faglia, P.Beck-Peccoz, 2014 McGraw-Hill ISBN 978883863979
Assessment methods and Criteria
Written exam with multiple choice questions. The test will be composed of 32 questions on clinical biochemistry, muscle biochemistry, and endocrinology (test duration: 35 minutes).
Evaluation: students will demonstrate: comprehension of hormonal mechanisms, exercise-related biochemical and molecular mechanisms, and the ability to evaluate the biochemical-molecular parameters best suited for monitoring the effects of physical activity.
Exam grading: 30/30.
Evaluation: students will demonstrate: comprehension of hormonal mechanisms, exercise-related biochemical and molecular mechanisms, and the ability to evaluate the biochemical-molecular parameters best suited for monitoring the effects of physical activity.
Exam grading: 30/30.
BIO/10 - BIOCHEMISTRY - University credits: 3
BIO/12 - CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - University credits: 3
MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM - University credits: 3
BIO/12 - CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - University credits: 3
MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM - University credits: 3
Lessons: 54 hours
Educational website(s)
Professor(s)
Reception:
Thursday 12.00 am - 01.00 pm
IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, via Ariosto 9, Milan
Reception:
By appointment by mail/phone
via F.lli Cervi 93-LITA Segrate