Clinical Training - Medicine
A.Y. 2023/2024
Learning objectives
1. is aimed at ascertaining the student's abilities related to knowing "how to do" and "how to be" a doctor. This consists in applying biomedical and clinical knowledge to medical practice, in resolving ethical issues, in demonstrating aptitude to solve clinical problems related to the areas of medicine and surgery and related specialties, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics and public health, and to apply the principles of good and clear communication.
2. is based on 5 CFU for each month and is divided into the following periods, even non-consecutive: one month in the surgical area, one month in the medical area, one month in the area of general medicine, during the sixth year of the course, at the office of a general practitioner.
3. certification of attendance and evaluation is under the direct responsibility of the university professor or medical director, responsible of the structure attended by the trainee, and the general practitioner, who issue a formal certificate of attendance and express, after having evaluated the results relating to the skills demonstrated, in the positive case, a judgment of suitability, on this diary-booklet, which is divided into a descriptive part of the activities performed and an evaluation part of the competences demonstrated.
4. The practical training certificate is obtained only in the case of achievement of a positive evaluation for each of the three periods.
2. is based on 5 CFU for each month and is divided into the following periods, even non-consecutive: one month in the surgical area, one month in the medical area, one month in the area of general medicine, during the sixth year of the course, at the office of a general practitioner.
3. certification of attendance and evaluation is under the direct responsibility of the university professor or medical director, responsible of the structure attended by the trainee, and the general practitioner, who issue a formal certificate of attendance and express, after having evaluated the results relating to the skills demonstrated, in the positive case, a judgment of suitability, on this diary-booklet, which is divided into a descriptive part of the activities performed and an evaluation part of the competences demonstrated.
4. The practical training certificate is obtained only in the case of achievement of a positive evaluation for each of the three periods.
Expected learning outcomes
- The student is able to put into practice the principles of the patient-doctor relationship: medical interview, contact, information, clarity, acquisition of consent.
- The student is capable to obtain medical history and perform a physical examination in the outpatient context
- The student has knowledge and capacity to apply the clinical reasoning: to distinguish between primary urgent complaints and secondary problems; to suggest a diagnostic hypothesis and to individualise the diagnostic methods of greater specificity and sensitivity to confirm or reject the hypothesis
- The student is skilled to interpret the laboratory exams
- The student is skilled to interpret the medical reports of the diagnostic imaging examinations
- The student is oriented in decision-making regarding the pharmacological treatment
- The student is able to compile the report of hospital admission/discharge and to write a discharge letter
- The student is able to judge the appropriateness of the hospital discharge and to suggest the rehabilitation solutions or recovery in other facilities
- The student is capable to frame the reason of ospitalization taking into account possible chronic illnesses, further critical conditions and patient's frailty
- The student is able to demonstrate the skills of prevention and sanitary education
- The student demonstrates the knowledge and awareness of the National Healthcare System and Local Healthcare System
- The student interacts in an appropriate manner with the medical personnel, nurses and the department technicians
- The student demonstrates the awareness and knowledge of the different roles of the medical team members
- The student is capable to obtain medical history and perform a physical examination in the outpatient context
- The student has knowledge and capacity to apply the clinical reasoning: to distinguish between primary urgent complaints and secondary problems; to suggest a diagnostic hypothesis and to individualise the diagnostic methods of greater specificity and sensitivity to confirm or reject the hypothesis
- The student is skilled to interpret the laboratory exams
- The student is skilled to interpret the medical reports of the diagnostic imaging examinations
- The student is oriented in decision-making regarding the pharmacological treatment
- The student is able to compile the report of hospital admission/discharge and to write a discharge letter
- The student is able to judge the appropriateness of the hospital discharge and to suggest the rehabilitation solutions or recovery in other facilities
- The student is capable to frame the reason of ospitalization taking into account possible chronic illnesses, further critical conditions and patient's frailty
- The student is able to demonstrate the skills of prevention and sanitary education
- The student demonstrates the knowledge and awareness of the National Healthcare System and Local Healthcare System
- The student interacts in an appropriate manner with the medical personnel, nurses and the department technicians
- The student demonstrates the awareness and knowledge of the different roles of the medical team members
Lesson period: Second semester
Assessment methods: Giudizio di approvazione
Assessment result: superato/non superato
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Course syllabus
· Medical history collection and physical examination of the patient
· Differential diagnosis between the main pathologies related to the clinical case
· Formulation of diagnostic hypotheses with the identification of further investigations in order to define the etiological nature of the case
· Participation in the decision-making process relating to the prescription of hospitalization for the related treatment taking into account any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
· Compilation of hospitalization acceptance reports (including a description of the aspects related to the pathology that required hospitalization)
· Interpretation of laboratory tests
· Interpretation of diagnostic imaging test reports
· Manage the clinical diary and therapies during hospitalization
· Fill out discharge reports (including writing the discharge letter)
· Manage discharged patients during outpatient follow-up
· Differential diagnosis between the main pathologies related to the clinical case
· Formulation of diagnostic hypotheses with the identification of further investigations in order to define the etiological nature of the case
· Participation in the decision-making process relating to the prescription of hospitalization for the related treatment taking into account any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
· Compilation of hospitalization acceptance reports (including a description of the aspects related to the pathology that required hospitalization)
· Interpretation of laboratory tests
· Interpretation of diagnostic imaging test reports
· Manage the clinical diary and therapies during hospitalization
· Fill out discharge reports (including writing the discharge letter)
· Manage discharged patients during outpatient follow-up
Prerequisites for admission
The student must have passed all the exams of the integrated courses of the first four years of the CdS in Medicine and Surgery as per regulations.
Teaching methods
The internship takes place through frequency in the wards, outpatient clinics, day hospital, first aid activities, discussion of clinical cases.
Teaching Resources
The course does not refer to particular texts. Constant attention is paid during the teaching activities to provide references for the consultation of the update literature available online, with particular attention to the magazineNew England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, British Medical Journal-BMJ; riviste edite dall'American College of Physicians; Cochrane Library.
Each lesson of the course presents the essential bibliographical references about the topics covered.
In general terms, the student is constantly invited to integrate the clinical topics covered in the course and the so-called pre-clinical ones according to the suggestions given in the following bibliographical entry:
- A.L. Spencer, T. Brosenitsch, A.S. Levine, S.L. Kanter. Back to the Basic Sciences: An Innovative Approach to Teaching Senior Medical Students How Best to Integrate Basic Science and Clinical Medicine. Acad Med. 2008; 83:662-66
Each lesson of the course presents the essential bibliographical references about the topics covered.
In general terms, the student is constantly invited to integrate the clinical topics covered in the course and the so-called pre-clinical ones according to the suggestions given in the following bibliographical entry:
- A.L. Spencer, T. Brosenitsch, A.S. Levine, S.L. Kanter. Back to the Basic Sciences: An Innovative Approach to Teaching Senior Medical Students How Best to Integrate Basic Science and Clinical Medicine. Acad Med. 2008; 83:662-66
Assessment methods and Criteria
The internship is considered passed if the student obtains an assessment of suitability from the internship tutor and the area coordinator.
- University credits: 5
Professional training: 100 hours