Fundamentals of Instrumentation for Chemical Industry

Introduction: units of physical quantities, unit conversion, instrument parameters, process control, definitions of the elements in a control loop, measurement and analysis (statistical notions, instrumentation concepts).
Basic electrical components: resistance (resistor formulas, resistor combinations, resistive sensors), capacitance (capacitor formulas, capacitor combinations), inductance (inductor formulas, inductor combinations).
Pressure: basic terms, type of pressure (atmospheric pressure, gauge pressure, differential pressure, vacuum pressure, static vs. dynamic pressure, barometric pressure), pressure formulas, unit of pressure, pressure measurement instrumentation (manometers, barometers, diaphragms, capsules, bellows, Bourdon tubes, other pressure sensors, vacuum instruments), process equipment and safety, application.
Temperature and Heat: basic terms (temperature definitions, heat definitions, thermal expansion definitions), temperature and heat formulas (temperature, heat transfer, thermal expansion), temperature scales (heat index, wind chill factor), temperature measuring devices (thermometers, pressure-spring thermometers, resistance temperature devices, thermistors, thermocouples, thermopile, semiconductors, radiation), pyrometry, application.
Level: level formulas, level sensing devices, direct level sensing (sight glass, displacer, conductive probes, capacitive probes, ultrasonics), indirect level sensing (load cells, paddle wheels, etc.), application.
Flow: basic terms (velocity, laminar flow, turbulent flow, viscosity, Reynolds number, flow patterns, Bernoulli equation, energy factors, flow rate, total flow), flow formulas (continuity equation, Bernoulli equation, flow losses), flow measurement instruments (flow rate, total flow,
mass flow, dry particulate flow rate, open channel flow), application.
Fluid metering: fluid dynamic, flow meter selection, positive displacement, differential pressure, rotameters, thermal mass flow meters, Coriolis, interferential-turbine, oscillatory-vortex.
Humidity: humidity definitions (relative humidity, specific humidity, humidity ratio, or absolute humidity, wet-bulb temperature, dry-bulb temperature, dew point, humidex, psychrometric chart), humidity measuring devices (hygrometers, psychrometers, dew point measuring devices), application.
Density and Specific gravity: basic terms (density, specific weight, specific gravity), density measuring devices (hydrometers, thermohydrometer, induction hydrometers, Vibration sensors), application.
Viscosity: basic terms, viscosity measuring instruments.
pH Measurements: basic terms, pH measuring devices, application.
Actuators and Control: pressure controllers, flow controllers, temperature controllers, fluid controllers.
Process control: concepts of signal control and controller modes (Concept of lag time, error signals, and correction signals, ON/OFF types of process controller action, Proportional, derivative, and integral action in process controllers, ON/OFF pneumatic control systems, ON/OFF electric controllers, Pneumatic proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controllers, Analog electronic implementation of proportional, derivative, and integral action, digital controller system)