Morphological and Molecular Basis of the Central Nervous System and Its Pathologies

The aim of the course Morphological and Molecular Basis of the Central Nervous System and Its Pathologies is for students to develop knowledge and understanding of the main aspects related to the body's two major integrative systems: the nervous system and the endocrine system. The course covers the anatomy, function, and hormonal regulation of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems, with developmental anatomy included when relevant. In addition, the course provides general information on neuroanatomy and its applications to environmental sustainability. Students will also be introduced to the pathogenesis of the most significant neurological diseases, as well as the animal models used to study and understand them. During the practical sessions, students will learn about strategies that can be applied in the microscopy laboratory to reduce environmental impact.

1. Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will have to demonstrate knowledge of the morphology and molecular organization of the nervous and endocrine systems, with specific reference to their anatomy, functions, regulatory mechanisms, and major pathological alterations.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
The student will have to demonstrate knowledge and understanding useful for interpreting the structural and functional organization of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems in physiological and pathological conditions. He/she will have to demonstrate the ability to apply theoretical concepts to practical contexts, such as the analysis of neuroanatomical preparations, the interpretation of laboratory findings, and the evaluation of environmentally sustainable strategies in microscopy and laboratory practice.
3. Making judgments
The student must demonstrate the ability to critically present the information acquired and to independently evaluate scientific data related to neuroanatomy, neuropathology, and endocrine regulation.
4. Communication
The student is expected to use scientifically appropriate language, in particular terminology referring to neuroanatomy, neuropathology, hormonal regulation, and microscopy methodologies. Practical activities and discussion sessions are intended to stimulate the ability to use specific terminology correctly and to develop the capacity to discuss scientific information clearly and effectively with peers.
5. Lifelong learning skills
The student must gain the ability to use acquired knowledge to interpret new scientific scenarios and emerging information in the fields of neuroscience and endocrinology. This includes the ability to autonomously search scientific databases, critically organize new information from the literature, and update knowledge related to neurobiological mechanisms, disease processes, and sustainable laboratory practices.