Fondamenti di scienze biochimiche

The integrated course aims to provide students with essential knowledge of the molecular, biochemical, cellular, and genetic mechanisms underlying human physiology and pathology.
The course covers core principles of general chemistry, organic chemistry, and cellular biochemistry, molecular biology and medical genetics, as well as the basics of clinical biochemistry and laboratory diagnostics.
Special emphasis is placed on topics relevant to the pathophysiology of ocular tissues and the visual system, the understanding of eye diseases, and the appropriate use of biochemical, molecular, and genetic data in clinical practice.
The overall goal is to provide a solid interdisciplinary foundation on which students can progressively build clinical and technical diagnostic skills in the field of orthoptics and ophthalmic care.

By the end of the integrated course, students will be able to:
Understand the fundamental principles of general chemistry, organic chemistry, and cellular biochemistry.
Know the structure and function of major biological macromolecules and key cellular metabolic processes.
Understand gene regulation mechanisms and the inheritance of genetic traits.
Interpret the role of genetic and molecular abnormalities in ocular and systemic diseases.
Understand the principles and phases of laboratory diagnostics (pre-analytical, analytical, post-analytical).
Accurately interpret laboratory data relevant to clinical evaluation (basic biochemical tests, hematological indices, lipid and glucose metabolism).
Recognize the value and limitations of genetic tests and genetic counseling in diagnostic and therapeutic pathways.