History of Byzantine Art

A.Y. 2026/2027
9
Max ECTS
60
Overall hours
SSD
ARTE-01/A
Language
Italian
Learning objectives
The course aims to provide a framework of the Byzantine art through the exam of the monumental and luxury production, with attention to the historical-geographical context and the main historiographical lines.
Expected learning outcomes
Students will get the knowledge of the different phases of the Byzantine art and the most important works, with attention to the historical-geographical context and the main historiographical lines. Students will acquire a critical approach in order to read the artistic evidences autonomously.
Single course

This course can be attended as a single course.

Course syllabus and organization

Single session

Lesson period
Second semester
Course syllabus
Course title - The representation of Power in Byzantium between sacred and secular art

Part A (20 hours, 3 ECTS): Historical and cultural context and case studies of the Proto-Byzantine period.
Part B (20 hours, 3 ECTS): Case studies of the Middle Byzantine period.
Part C (20 hours, 3 ECTS): Case studies of the Middle and Late Byzantine periods.

For 9 ECTS: Parts A, B, and C
For 6 ECTS: Parts A and B

The Master's degree programme in History and Art Criticism requires a 9-ECTS examination.

The course traces the artistic development of the Byzantine Empire (324-1453) in relation to the ideology of power, with the aim of highlighting its driving role in the development of medieval Mediterranean visual culture. After an overview of its chronological and geographical scope, as well as its institutional foundations, the course will present thematic in-depth studies designed to structure the different historical and artistic phases in relation to the main centres of the Empire (especially Constantinople) and other related cultural areas. The case studies will cover a wide range of production fields (monumental contexts, painting, sculpture, book arts, luxury objects, and numismatics) and will be analysed in relation to contemporary historical and literary sources, as well as through the multiple approaches of recent historiography. Particular attention will be devoted to the dialogue between sacred and secular art within the imperial visual repertoire, a field that allows artistic expression to be understood as a vehicle for the affirmation of power.
Prerequisites for admission
Full knowledge of the history of medieval art in the Western world and adequate knowledge of the geographical contexts of the Mediterranean area, as well as of the related historical events throughout the Middle Ages.
Teaching methods
Lectures with PowerPoint presentations.
Teaching Resources
9 CFU - Attending Students:

- Images made available for personal use on https://myariel.unimi.it (Parts A, B, C).

- Introduzione all'arte bizantina, IV-XV secolo, testi di C. Barsanti, M. della Valle, R. Flaminio, A. Guiglia, A. Iacobini, A. Paribeni, S. Pasi, S. Pedone, A. Taddei. WHOLE TEXT

This is not a published book with ISBN. It is a sort of "lecture notes" you can buy at Copisteria Laura - via Bergamini 17, Milan (in front of the University of Milan, via Festa del Perdono).

- For further optional in-depth analyses, specific studies will be suggested during the course.

9 CFU - NOT attending students:

- Introduzione all'arte bizantina, IV-XV secolo, testi di C. Barsanti, M. della Valle, R. Flaminio, A. Guiglia, A. Iacobini, A. Paribeni, S. Pasi, S. Pedone, A. Taddei. WHOLE TEXT

This is not a published book with ISBN. It is a sort of "lecture notes" you can buy at Copisteria Laura - via Bergamini 17, Milan (in front of the University of Milan, via Festa del Perdono).

- In substitution of the lectures, choose TWO books from the following:

L. Bevilacqua, Arte e aristocrazia a Bisanzio nell'età dei Macedoni. Costantinopoli, la Grecia e l'Asia Minore, Roma, Campisano, 2013.

F. de' Maffei, Bisanzio e l'ideologia delle immagini, a cura di C. Barsanti, A. Guiglia, A. Iacobini, A. Paribeni, M. della Valle, Napoli, Liguori, 2011.

E. Kitzinger, Il culto delle immagini. L'arte bizantina dal cristianesimo delle origini all'Iconoclastia, Scandicci, La Nuova Italia, 1992 (o edizione Milano, Meltemi, 2018).

S. Moretti, Roma bizantina: opere d'arte dall'Impero di Costantinopoli nelle collezioni romane, Roma, Campisano, 2014.

M.E. Pomero, Propaganda politica, imperatori e iconografia monetale nel mondo bizantino (1204-1328), Spoleto, Fondazione Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo, 2022.

L. Sozzè, Eredità bizantine: La 'vita sociale' di icone e reliquie. Venezia e Genova tra Medioevo e contemporaneità, Roma, L'Erma di Bretschneider, 2025.

A. Torno Ginnasi, L'imperatore, San Michele Arcangelo e la spada. Dialoghi iconografici e strategie figurative a difesa di Costantinopoli, Milano, Milano University Press, 2025.

G. Vespignani, Ιππόδρομος. Il circo di Costantinopoli Nuova Roma dalla realtà alla storiografia, Spoleto, Fondazione Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo, 2010.

6 CFU - Attending students:

- Images made available for personal use on https://myariel.unimi.it (Parts A and B).

- Introduzione all'arte bizantina, IV-XV secolo, testi di C. Barsanti, M. della Valle, R. Flaminio, A. Guiglia, A. Iacobini, A. Paribeni, S. Pasi, S. Pedone, A. Taddei, pp. 1-203 (+ "Apparati" at the end of the volume).

This is not a published book with ISBN. It is a sort of "lecture notes" you can buy at Copisteria Laura - via Bergamini 17, Milan (in front of the University of Milan, via Festa del Perdono).

- For further optional in-depth analyses, specific studies will be suggested during the course.

6 CFU - NOT attending students:

- Introduzione all'arte bizantina, IV-XV secolo, testi di C. Barsanti, M. della Valle, R. Flaminio, A. Guiglia, A. Iacobini, A. Paribeni, S. Pasi, S. Pedone, A. Taddei, pp. 1-203 (+ "Apparati" at the end of the volume).

This is not a published book with ISBN. It is a sort of "lecture notes" you can buy at Copisteria Laura - via Bergamini 17, Milan (in front of the University of Milan, via Festa del Perdono).

- In substitution of the lectures, choose ONE book from the following:

L. Bevilacqua, Arte e aristocrazia a Bisanzio nell'età dei Macedoni. Costantinopoli, la Grecia e l'Asia Minore, Roma, Campisano, 2013.

F. de' Maffei, Bisanzio e l'ideologia delle immagini, a cura di C. Barsanti, A. Guiglia, A. Iacobini, A. Paribeni, M. della Valle, Napoli, Liguori, 2011.

E. Kitzinger, Il culto delle immagini. L'arte bizantina dal cristianesimo delle origini all'Iconoclastia, Scandicci, La Nuova Italia, 1992 (o edizione Milano, Meltemi, 2018).

S. Moretti, Roma bizantina: opere d'arte dall'Impero di Costantinopoli nelle collezioni romane, Roma, Campisano, 2014.

M.E. Pomero, Propaganda politica, imperatori e iconografia monetale nel mondo bizantino (1204-1328), Spoleto, Fondazione Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo, 2022.

L. Sozzè, Eredità bizantine: La 'vita sociale' di icone e reliquie. Venezia e Genova tra Medioevo e contemporaneità, Roma, L'Erma di Bretschneider, 2025.

A. Torno Ginnasi, L'imperatore, San Michele Arcangelo e la spada. Dialoghi iconografici e strategie figurative a difesa di Costantinopoli, Milano, Milano University Press, 2025.

G. Vespignani, Ιππόδρομος. Il circo di Costantinopoli Nuova Roma dalla realtà alla storiografia, Spoleto, Fondazione Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo, 2010.
Assessment methods and Criteria
The examination is oral and is based on the syllabus indicated. Knowledge of the course content will be assessed through the analysis of selected images of monuments and works of art. These must be appropriately contextualised from a historical, geographical, and cultural perspective and discussed critically, using the language and methodological approaches of the discipline, with attention to the main historiographical trends.
Modules or teaching units
Part C
ARTE-01/A - History of Medieval Art - University credits: 3
Lessons: 20 hours

Parts A and B
ARTE-01/A - History of Medieval Art - University credits: 6
Lessons: 40 hours