Physical Sciences and Diagnostic Imaging

The entire program will be taught by two teachers who will alternate in the classroom. The following topics will be covered:
1) Introduction to physics, the role of measurement, fundamental and derived physical quantities, units of measurement and the international system, a review of vectors (addition, subtraction, decomposition).
2) Kinematics: trajectory, displacement, velocity, acceleration, uniform rectilinear motion, uniformly accelerated motion.
3) Dynamics: principles of dynamics, gravitational force, gravitational field, frictional force.
4) Work and energy: work definition, power, mechanical energy, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and non-conservative forces.
5) Statics of point mass and rigid body: equilibrium conditions for point mass, force couple, moment of a force, a moment of a force couple, equilibrium conditions for a rigid body, the center of gravity, stability of equilibrium, levers with examples, equilibrium of the human body.
6) Fluid statics: states of matter, density, pressure and its units, isotropy, Pascal's, Stevin's, and Archimedes' laws.
7) Fluid dynamics: volumetric flow rate and mass flow rate, Hagen-Poiseuille law, Bernoulli's theorem, motion of a real fluid in a conduit, hydraulic resistance.
8) Thermology: temperature, thermometer, equation of state for ideal gases, heat, mechanical equivalent of one calorie, specific heat, conduction, convection, radiation.
9) Biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system.
10) Biomechanics of movement.
11) Elastic properties of bodies.
12) Topic to be defined.
13) Electricity and electromagnetism.
14) Wave motion (optics and acoustics).

Diagnostic imaging techniques used in foot and ankle pathologies. Ultrasound, Traditional Radiology, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance, Nuclear Medicine: how images are acquired and produced, what information can provide, which diagnostic specificity, contraindications, economic and biological cost / benefit ratio.

Atom structure; nuclides; electromagnetic and corpuscular radiation; excitation and ionization; gamma- and x-rays, x-ray tube; radioactive decay; positron-electron annihilation; coherent diffusion, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, pair creation; dosimetry (absorbed, equivalent, and effective dose); compute tomography as the most relevant source of radiation exposure for medical purposes. Magnetic resonance imaging: biological effects and protection of patients and operators (contraindications and limiting conditions). Basic knowledge of the techniques used in radiodiagnostics and nuclear medicine. Principles of radiobiology. Legislation on radioprotection of workers and patients.

1) Principles of biomedical instrumentation and data acquisition;
2) Bioimaging based on ultrasounds;
3) Ionizing radiation and bioimaging based on ionizing radiation;
4) Biomechanics and biomaterials.