Seismic Exploration and Laboratory
A.Y. 2021/2022
Learning objectives
Knowledge and understanding: Learn the basic knowledge of reflection seismic for what concerns seismic data acquisition and processing up to building an image of the subsurface (stack section). Acquire the terminology pertinent to the Exploration Seismology.
Applying knowledge and understanding: The acquired knowledge are used to analyse the problems found in real land and marine seismic data and to propose suitable solutions for the processing and, possibly, for the acquisition.
Applying knowledge and understanding: The acquired knowledge are used to analyse the problems found in real land and marine seismic data and to propose suitable solutions for the processing and, possibly, for the acquisition.
Expected learning outcomes
Making judgements: The acquired knowledge allows to evaluate critically the results at the end of the seismic data processing. For each processing steps the student, autonomously, is able to estimate the correct parameters for obtaining the optimal results from the available seismic data.
Communication skills: The student is able to clearly communicate to third party the topics of Exploration Seismology and the issues inherent to the seismic data processing and acquisition; moreover is able to illustrate to the experts in the field the possible solutions that can be adopted to tackle these issues or problems.
Learning skills: Give the student the ability to learn autonomously topics that can not be dealt with during the lessons due to the limited time available, and also give him/her the ability to deepen the ones discussed.
Communication skills: The student is able to clearly communicate to third party the topics of Exploration Seismology and the issues inherent to the seismic data processing and acquisition; moreover is able to illustrate to the experts in the field the possible solutions that can be adopted to tackle these issues or problems.
Learning skills: Give the student the ability to learn autonomously topics that can not be dealt with during the lessons due to the limited time available, and also give him/her the ability to deepen the ones discussed.
Lesson period: First semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
First semester
Prerequisites for admission
none
Assessment methods and Criteria
The exam consists of an oral test aimed at ascertaining the student's knowledge of the topics covered during the course and his ability to relate the various issues addressed having a global vision of the problem of seismic data processing.
modulo: Esplorazione Sismica
Course syllabus
Seismic Exploration is a methodological course that gives the student the theoretical-practical knowledge on the seismic method up to the production of seismic images of the subsurface starting from field data. The topics considered are the following:
4. Basic principles of wave field exploration: wave equation and wave propagation; impedance contrast and reflection/transmission coefficients; Impulse response and Green's theorem; reflectivity and convolutional model for synthetic traces; Fourier transform, convolution, correlation, autocorrelation and related properties; minimum phase wavelets and their properties; sampling rate, aliasing and Nyquist theorem.
5. Acquisition of seismic data: impulsive sources and vibroseis; geophones and hydrophones; attenuation processes; acquisition layout in reflection seismic, multi-fold acquisition, common-mid-point (CMP) gathers; acquisition layout in refraction seismic and surface wave analysis.
6. Construction of reflection seismic sections: gain correction; deconvolution; frequency-domain filtering and F-K analysis; static corrections & analysis of refraction and surface wave seismic data, traveltimes for horizontal and dipping layers, intercept times and plus-minus method (Generalized Reciprocal Methods); velocity analysis and Normal Moveout correction; stack and zero-offset sections; basic migration concepts and applications.
4. Basic principles of wave field exploration: wave equation and wave propagation; impedance contrast and reflection/transmission coefficients; Impulse response and Green's theorem; reflectivity and convolutional model for synthetic traces; Fourier transform, convolution, correlation, autocorrelation and related properties; minimum phase wavelets and their properties; sampling rate, aliasing and Nyquist theorem.
5. Acquisition of seismic data: impulsive sources and vibroseis; geophones and hydrophones; attenuation processes; acquisition layout in reflection seismic, multi-fold acquisition, common-mid-point (CMP) gathers; acquisition layout in refraction seismic and surface wave analysis.
6. Construction of reflection seismic sections: gain correction; deconvolution; frequency-domain filtering and F-K analysis; static corrections & analysis of refraction and surface wave seismic data, traveltimes for horizontal and dipping layers, intercept times and plus-minus method (Generalized Reciprocal Methods); velocity analysis and Normal Moveout correction; stack and zero-offset sections; basic migration concepts and applications.
Teaching methods
Type of exam: Oral; Attendance mode: Strongly recommended; Delivery method: Traditional
Teaching Resources
· Methods of Seismic Data Processing, Gary F. Margrave (https://www.crewes.org/ResearchLinks/FreeSoftware/)
· Numerical Methods of Exploration Seismology with algorithms in MATLAB, Gary F. Margrave (https://www.crewes.org/ResearchLinks/FreeSoftware/)
· Seismic data analysis, Oz Yilmaz, investigation in geophysics no.10, SEG
· Numerical Methods of Exploration Seismology with algorithms in MATLAB, Gary F. Margrave (https://www.crewes.org/ResearchLinks/FreeSoftware/)
· Seismic data analysis, Oz Yilmaz, investigation in geophysics no.10, SEG
unità didattica: Laboratorio di Esplorazione Sismica
Teaching methods
Traditional + Laboratory exercises on PC with Matlab
Teaching Resources
· Methods of Seismic Data Processing, Gary F. Margrave (https://www.crewes.org/ResearchLinks/FreeSoftware/)
· Numerical Methods of Exploration Seismology with algorithms in MATLAB, Gary F. Margrave (https://www.crewes.org/ResearchLinks/FreeSoftware/)
· Seismic data analysis, Oz Yilmaz, investigation in geophysics no.10, SEG
· Numerical Methods of Exploration Seismology with algorithms in MATLAB, Gary F. Margrave (https://www.crewes.org/ResearchLinks/FreeSoftware/)
· Seismic data analysis, Oz Yilmaz, investigation in geophysics no.10, SEG
modulo: Esplorazione Sismica
GEO/11 - APPLIED GEOPHYSICS - University credits: 6
Lessons: 48 hours
unità didattica: Laboratorio di Esplorazione Sismica
GEO/11 - APPLIED GEOPHYSICS - University credits: 3
Practicals: 36 hours
Professor(s)