Pathology
A.Y. 2023/2024
Learning objectives
The aim of the Course is to provide the knowledge of macroscopic and microscopic lesions of diseases of organs and systems, with specific attention to the relationship between lesions, symptoms and clinical signs. Furthermore, the course proposes to convey to the student the notions concerning the role of the pathologist and the importance of collaboration with medical colleagues and surgeons.
Contents:
knowledge of the malformative, dysmetablic, inflammatory, immune-mediated and/or neoplastic pathology of:
· skin and soft tissues
· skeletal system
· cardio-vascular system
· central and peripheral nervous system
· lymphohaemopoietic system
· endocrine system
· respiratory system and pleura
· female genital apparatus, placenta and breast
· kidney and urinary tract
· male genital apparatus
· digestive system
Diagnostic techniques: histology, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, cytology, electron microscopy and molecular analysis
Frozen tissue analysis: indications, use and interpretation
Contents:
knowledge of the malformative, dysmetablic, inflammatory, immune-mediated and/or neoplastic pathology of:
· skin and soft tissues
· skeletal system
· cardio-vascular system
· central and peripheral nervous system
· lymphohaemopoietic system
· endocrine system
· respiratory system and pleura
· female genital apparatus, placenta and breast
· kidney and urinary tract
· male genital apparatus
· digestive system
Diagnostic techniques: histology, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, cytology, electron microscopy and molecular analysis
Frozen tissue analysis: indications, use and interpretation
Expected learning outcomes
At the end of the course the Student should be able:
- to know the morphological characteristics of the main inflammatory, degenerative, immune-mediated and neoplastic diseases
- to know the methodological bases used in surgical pathology
- to know the indications and limits of the pathology reports (including molecular tests) and their use in the diagnostic process
- to interpret the pathology reports and their impact in clinical management
- to understand the role of surgical pathology in the diagnostic and therapeutic planning phases of the main oncological, infectious and immune-mediated diseases
- to know the morphological characteristics of the main inflammatory, degenerative, immune-mediated and neoplastic diseases
- to know the methodological bases used in surgical pathology
- to know the indications and limits of the pathology reports (including molecular tests) and their use in the diagnostic process
- to interpret the pathology reports and their impact in clinical management
- to understand the role of surgical pathology in the diagnostic and therapeutic planning phases of the main oncological, infectious and immune-mediated diseases
Lesson period: year
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Course syllabus
Cytological, histological and molecular examination concept. The frozen analysis during surgery.Electron microscopy. Biopsy. The examination of the surgical sample, with particular reference to the grading and staging of neoplasms. Molecular approach to diagnosis and therapy. Concept and elementary rules for a correct fixation of the materials to be sent to the pathology unit. Pericardium. Payments. Pericarditis. Primary and secondary tumors. Heart. Myocarditis. Endocarditis. Rheumatic heart disease. Valvular disease. Primary and secondary cardiomyopathies. Ischemic heart disease. Cardiac dilatation and hypertrophy. Cardiac neoplasms Arteries and vessels. Atherosclerosis. Calcific sclerosis of the mean. Aortic dissections. Aortic aneurysms. Vasculitis. Vascular tumors. Spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, bone marrow. Lymphadenitis. Lymphomas and leukemias. Myelodysplastic syndromes. Rudders and thymic neoplasms. Bronchi and lungs. Atelectasis. Edema. Acute lung injury and DAD. Pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary embolisms. Chronic bronchitis and diseases of the small airways, emphysema, bronchiectasis, asthma. Pneumonia. Pulmonary fibrosis. Pneumoconiosis. Sarcoidosis. Primary and post-primary tuberculosis. Lung tumors. Pleura. Payments. Pleurisy. Primary and secondary tumors. Head and neck. Precancerous lesions and tumors of the oral cavity. Salivary gland tumors. Larynx. Polyps. Papillomas. Precancerous lesions and neoplasms. Esophagus. Esophagitis. Diverticula. Varices. Barrett's esophagus. Dysplasia. Esophageal neoplasms Stomach. Gastritis. Acute and chronic ulcers. Peptic ulcer. Polyps. Stomach neoplasms. Intestine. Diverticulosis and diverticulitis. Malabsorption. Heart attack and ischemic enterocolitis. Infectious enterocolitis. Pseudomembranous colitis. Chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Polyps. HPV-related anal lesions. Neoplasms of the small intestine, appendix, colorectal and anus. Liver. Alterations from stasis. Toxic and metabolic liver diseases. Infectious hepatitis. Cirrhosis. Focal nodular hyperplasia. Primitive and secondary neoplasms. Biliary tract. Cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis. Gallbladder neoplasms. Exocrine pancreas. Acute and chronic pancreatitis. Non-neoplastic cysts. Pancreatic neoplasms. Kidney. Malformations. Primary and ongoing glomerulonephritis of systemic diseases Hereditary nephropathies. Acute tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis and pyelonephritis, metabolic nephritis. Nephroangiosclerosis. Hemolytic uremic syndrome. Renal neoplasms Urinary tract excretory. Acute and chronic ureteritis and cystitis. Bladder papillomas and neoplasms. Prostate. Fibroleiomyoadenomatous hyperplasia. prostatitis Carcinoma. Testis. Orchites and Orchioepididimiti. Injury in infertility. Testicular neoplasms. Ovaries. Cysts. Ovarian neoplasms. Uterus and placenta. Cervicitis. Role and use of the pap test. Dysfunctional endometrium. Hyperplasia and polyps. Endometriosis. Uterine neoplasms (cervix, body and bottom). Vesicular mole and chorioncarcinoma. Breast. Mastitis. Fibrocystic disease. Proliferative and non-proliferative pathology. Breast cancer. Sentinel lymph node. Thyroid. Thyroiditis. Basedow-Graves disease. Thyroid neoplasms. parathyroid Hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism. Parathyroid neoplasms. Endocrine pancreas. Neuroendocrine neoplasms. Diabetes. Adrenal. Hypo and hypersurrenalism. Adrenal cortical and medullary neoplasms. Pituitary gland. Pituitary neoplasms. Tumors of the diffuse endocrine system. Multi endocrine syndromes (MEN). Central nervous system. Ernie. Edema. Hydrocephalus. Intracranial hypertension. Head injuries. Cerebral hemorrhages. Cerebrovascular diseases and aneurysms. Infections. Neurodegenerative diseases. Prion diseases. Demyelinating diseases. Central nervous system neoplasms. Meninges. Meningitis. Neoplasms of the meninges. Bones and joints. Osteomyelitis. Osteoporosis, osteomalacia and changes in hyperparathyroidism. Paget's disease. Arthritis (suppurative, tuberculous, rheumatoid arthritis). Joint injuries in gout Bone and cartilage neoplasms. Skin and soft tissues Melanocytic lesions. Non-melanocytic lesions. Bullous diseases. Neoplasms of the hair appendages. Soft tissue neoplasms.
Prerequisites for admission
To understand the contents of the course, a preliminary knowledge in Histology, Anatomy and General Pathology is strongly recommended.
Teaching methods
Frontal lessons supported by powerpoint slides and / or digital slide projections. Frontal lessons supported by powerpoint slides and / or digital slide projections.
Teaching Resources
Robbins - Pathological basis of the disease, last edition
Assessment methods and Criteria
The exam consists of:- preliminary written test: 30 multiple choice questions (one exact, time available 30 minutes). Score: for each correct answer 1 point, for each wrong answer -0.25 points, for each answer not given 0 points. Passing this test with a minimum of 18/30 allows admission to the oral test. - oral test: it is carried out on the whole program, the ability to expose the key concepts of histocytopathological lesions and anatomoclinical correlations is assessed. Passing the test will determine a mark expressed in thirtieths. No intermediate tests are foreseen.
MED/08 - PATHOLOGY - University credits: 10
Lessons: 80 hours
: 40 hours
: 40 hours
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