Chimical and Pharmacological Sciences (third year)

Understand the chemical nature of fundamental biological phenomena such as nutrition, respiration, energy metabolism and membrane exchanges; Know the elementary principles of general pharmacology and some aspects of the pharmacology of the peripheral system, the skin diseases and the musculoskeletal system.

At the end of the course the student will know:
· describe and use, with simple calculations, the main quantities and their units of measurement used in chemistry (atomic and molecular mass, mole and molar mass);
· recognize the various types of chemical reactions and to balance their stoichiometric coefficients rationally;
· describe the various ways in which the concentration of a solution can be expressed, the solubility and the factors that influence it;
· explain the concept of the reaction balance and indicate how certain parameters can modify it;
· discuss the concept of acids and bases according to the Broensted-Lowry and buffer solution theory;
· describe the concept of pH of an aqueous solution and calculate it in the case of both strong and weak acids and bases;
· know and discuss some basic concepts of electrochemistry, thermodynamics and chemical kinetics;
· recognize the functional groups that characterize organic compounds, with particular mention to those that are present in the structures of compounds of biological interest, such as amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
· know the main metabolic pathways of amino acids, carbohydrates and lipids.

· the fate of drugs in the body:
knowing all the processes of transport, bio-transformation, distribution and elimination /(ADME)
· the action of drugs at the level of organs and systems, considering their mechanism of action at the cellular and molecular level;
· the characteristics of some classes of pharmacological agents that act on the systemic circulation, at the skin level and on the musculoskeletal system that could affect the future professional activity
· the features of some drugs for selected chronic therapies considering some possible effects on the locomotor apparatus