Hindi Iii and Mediation

The teaching programme envisages, first, a review of the grammatical and syntactic structures introduced during the previous year, and of the participles in adjectival, adverbial, and noun functions, the hypothetical period, causatives, and intensive verbs. The review of these topics will be accompanied by lexical extension work, conducted through reading texts, watching and listening to audio-visual products, and guided conversations. The review of the intensive verbs जाना, देना and लेना will be followed by the introduction of the intensive verbs डालना, मारना, निकालना, रखना, पड़ना, उठना, निकलना, बैठना, आना, पहुँचना and मरना, with which the subject will be completed. We will then review all the ways of expressing different types of subordinate propositions, reviewing already known structures and introducing some new ones. Explicit and implicit forms for expressing relative, correlative, temporal, modal, causal, final, consecutive, concessive and disjunctive propositions will be analysed. We will also focus on the use of conjunctions, coordinative and subordinative, reviewing conjunctions already known to the students and introducing new ones, sorting them by type. We will focus on the uses of the particles ही, तो and भी; on verbs expressing the non-realisation of a situation or condition: बचना, रहना, रुकना; the verbal form रहा; all the uses, known or not, of the verb लगना will be traced; the expressions 'हो-न-हो', 'ठहरा, ठहरे, ठहरी', 'थोड़े ही', 'भले ही' will be introduced, 'भला' and the nominal verbs 'का/की/के आदी होना' and 'की आदत होना' conveying the locutions 'to be accustomed to', 'to have the habit of'. Regarding the part of the programme dedicated to increasing students' lexical knowledge, the mechanisms that regulate the formation of a substantial part of the Hindi lexicon will be introduced, including first of all the sandhi, prefixes and suffixes (derived from Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian). Compounds (copulative, determinative, appositional, attributive, adverbial, alliterative), the use of so-called reduplicative expressions, and the most common onomatopoeic expressions will also be presented. The composition of the Hindi language lexicon will be analysed, tracing the terms back to the four groups indicating the origin of the words. he identification of the origin of Hindi language words will be accompanied by an analysis of synonyms and the ideological and identity value connected to the lexical choices of Hindi speakers when they are called upon to choose between synonyms of different linguistic origins. Finally, some proverbs and idioms of the Hindi language will be introduced, of which it is possible to find an equivalent in Italian, and their translation will be practised to promote a reflection on the sense and purpose of translation and mediation. The lexical examination, centred on the identification of the origin of the terms that make up the lexicon of the Hindi language, will provide an opportunity to retrace the main lines of development of Indian history.