Organic Chemistry Ii
A.Y. 2025/2026
Learning objectives
The course is a continuation of Organic Chemistry I and aims at providing an introduction to the chemistry of carbocyclic aromatic compounds. Additional topics include the chemistry of heterocyclic aromatic compounds.
Expected learning outcomes
Skills acquired by the students at the end of the course are the knowledge of the chemistry of aromatic systems. In particular, they will achieve competences in the design of the synthesis of aromatic and heteroaromatic systems, even of pharmacological interest.
Lesson period: year
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
year
Course syllabus
In the course, carbocyclic (benzene and derivatives) and heterocyclic aromatic systems are presented, together with the structural characteristics that underlie their reactivity.
- concepts of aromaticity and main classes of reactions to the carbocyclic and heterocyclic aromatic, such as electrophilic substitutions and nucleophilic substitutions, illustrating their mechanisms in depth (1 CFU)
- heterocyclic rings synthesis methods starting from aliphatic precursors (0,5 CFU)
- characteristics, synthesis and reactivity of themain classes of monocyclic aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds (benzene, pyridine, pyrrole, furan, thiophene); in particular, arenes and alkylarenes, aryl and arylaliphatic halides, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids and derivatives, sulfur compounds, phenols and quinones, nitrogen derivatives (nitro-, nitroso-, and azo compounds, arylhydroxylamines, arylhydrazines, aromatic amines, diazonium salts) (3 CFU)
- synthesis and reactivity of biphenyl systems with particular focus on coupling reactions (Heck, Suzuki, Stille, Sonogashira, etc) (1 CFU)
- synthesis and reactivity of benzocondensed systems (naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, indole) (0,5 CFU)
- pericyclic reactions (electrocyclic, sigmatropic, cycloadditions). 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and hints to pentaatomic heterocyclic systems containing two heteroatoms, such as imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole and isoxazole (1 CFU)
The retrosynthetic approach in organic synthesis will be treated.
- concepts of aromaticity and main classes of reactions to the carbocyclic and heterocyclic aromatic, such as electrophilic substitutions and nucleophilic substitutions, illustrating their mechanisms in depth (1 CFU)
- heterocyclic rings synthesis methods starting from aliphatic precursors (0,5 CFU)
- characteristics, synthesis and reactivity of themain classes of monocyclic aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds (benzene, pyridine, pyrrole, furan, thiophene); in particular, arenes and alkylarenes, aryl and arylaliphatic halides, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids and derivatives, sulfur compounds, phenols and quinones, nitrogen derivatives (nitro-, nitroso-, and azo compounds, arylhydroxylamines, arylhydrazines, aromatic amines, diazonium salts) (3 CFU)
- synthesis and reactivity of biphenyl systems with particular focus on coupling reactions (Heck, Suzuki, Stille, Sonogashira, etc) (1 CFU)
- synthesis and reactivity of benzocondensed systems (naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, indole) (0,5 CFU)
- pericyclic reactions (electrocyclic, sigmatropic, cycloadditions). 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and hints to pentaatomic heterocyclic systems containing two heteroatoms, such as imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole and isoxazole (1 CFU)
The retrosynthetic approach in organic synthesis will be treated.
Prerequisites for admission
Basic knowledge of general and organic chemistry is required, and is provided in the courses of General and Inorganic Chemistry and of Organic Chemistry I.
Teaching methods
Lessons will be held in presence as scheduled in the timetable. Frequency is strongly recommended. Slides will be posted on the MyAriel website of the course
Teaching Resources
Any book of Organic Chemistry is suitable for the course. As examples:
1] Brown, Foote, Iverson, Anslyn, CHIMICA ORGANICA, EdiSES
2] Mc Murry, CHIMICA ORGANICA, Piccin
3] Botta, CHIMICA ORGANICA, EdiErmes
4] Vollhardt-Schore, CHIMICA ORGANICA, Zanichelli
5] Solomons-Fryhle, CHIMICA ORGANICA, Zanichelli
In particular:
- for the aromatic section of the course: Hepworth, Waring and Waring, Aromatic Chemistry, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge
- for the eterocyclic chemistry: Broggini, Zecchi, Chimica dei composti eterociclici, Zanichelli
- for coupling and pericyclic reactions: Clayden, Greeves, Warren, Chimica Organica, Piccin
The use of a textbook is strongly recommended as a support to the theoretical lessons.
Exercises can also be found on MyAriel website of the course
1] Brown, Foote, Iverson, Anslyn, CHIMICA ORGANICA, EdiSES
2] Mc Murry, CHIMICA ORGANICA, Piccin
3] Botta, CHIMICA ORGANICA, EdiErmes
4] Vollhardt-Schore, CHIMICA ORGANICA, Zanichelli
5] Solomons-Fryhle, CHIMICA ORGANICA, Zanichelli
In particular:
- for the aromatic section of the course: Hepworth, Waring and Waring, Aromatic Chemistry, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge
- for the eterocyclic chemistry: Broggini, Zecchi, Chimica dei composti eterociclici, Zanichelli
- for coupling and pericyclic reactions: Clayden, Greeves, Warren, Chimica Organica, Piccin
The use of a textbook is strongly recommended as a support to the theoretical lessons.
Exercises can also be found on MyAriel website of the course
Assessment methods and Criteria
The exam includes a written and an oral test, both compulsory.
The written test consists of 5-10 exercises (to be completed in two hours); admission to the oral interview requires to pass the written test (18/30 or more).
Two partial tests will be proposed, in the middle and at the end of the course, lasting 1 hours each. Tests will focus on the part of the program carried out in the first and second part of the course, respectively; each will be structured in about 5-10 exercises similar to those of the written exam. Admission to the second partial test is possible only after passing (18/30) the first one test. Admission to the oral examination is possible only after passing (18/30) the second written partial test.
The oral interview will focus on the entire course program, with the aim of verifying the skills acquired by the student in the field of aromatic and heterocyclic chemistry.
The written test consists of 5-10 exercises (to be completed in two hours); admission to the oral interview requires to pass the written test (18/30 or more).
Two partial tests will be proposed, in the middle and at the end of the course, lasting 1 hours each. Tests will focus on the part of the program carried out in the first and second part of the course, respectively; each will be structured in about 5-10 exercises similar to those of the written exam. Admission to the second partial test is possible only after passing (18/30) the first one test. Admission to the oral examination is possible only after passing (18/30) the second written partial test.
The oral interview will focus on the entire course program, with the aim of verifying the skills acquired by the student in the field of aromatic and heterocyclic chemistry.
CHIM/06 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - University credits: 7
Practicals: 16 hours
Lessons: 48 hours
Lessons: 48 hours
Professor:
Raimondi Laura Maria
Shifts:
Turno
Professor:
Raimondi Laura MariaProfessor(s)
Reception:
please contact by e-mail or phone
Dipartimento di Chimica - via Golgi 19 - Milano - building C, 2nd floor, room 2011 or via Teams