General Agronomy
A.Y. 2026/2027
Learning objectives
Unit "Agrometeorology and crop ecology"
· Know and understand the differences between ecosystems and agro-ecosystems, and the specific characteristics of the latter.
· Know meteorological and agrometeorological variables.
· Know and understand the interactions between plants (and crops in particular) and atmosphere.
· Know the measurements methods of the main meteorological and agrometeorological variables.
Unit "Agronomy and weed control"
· Obtain an integrated view of factors that contribute to crop management and of crop utilisation in cropping system.
· Know and understand crop management techniques and their effects on productivity and environment.
· Know and understand the techniques to set up, manage and evaluate cropping systems in terms of productivity, sustainability and control of environmental impact.
Based on the basic disciplines of previous semesters, in this course the student knows and understands the interactions between crops and atmosphere and agronomic management techniques of cropping systems. This body of knowledge, integrated by more specific disciplines acquired later on, is a key tool to carry out a productive, environmental and economic evaluation of cropping systems.
· Know and understand the differences between ecosystems and agro-ecosystems, and the specific characteristics of the latter.
· Know meteorological and agrometeorological variables.
· Know and understand the interactions between plants (and crops in particular) and atmosphere.
· Know the measurements methods of the main meteorological and agrometeorological variables.
Unit "Agronomy and weed control"
· Obtain an integrated view of factors that contribute to crop management and of crop utilisation in cropping system.
· Know and understand crop management techniques and their effects on productivity and environment.
· Know and understand the techniques to set up, manage and evaluate cropping systems in terms of productivity, sustainability and control of environmental impact.
Based on the basic disciplines of previous semesters, in this course the student knows and understands the interactions between crops and atmosphere and agronomic management techniques of cropping systems. This body of knowledge, integrated by more specific disciplines acquired later on, is a key tool to carry out a productive, environmental and economic evaluation of cropping systems.
Expected learning outcomes
Unit "Agrometeorology and crop ecology"
· Know and understand the differences between ecosystems and agro-ecosystems, and the specific characteristics of the latter.
· Know meteorological and agrometeorological variables.
· Know and understand the interactions between plants (and crops in particular) and atmosphere.
· Know the measurements methods of the main meteorological and agrometeorological variables.
Unit "Agronomy and weed control"
· Obtain an integrated view of factors that contribute to crop management and of crop utilisation in cropping system.
· Know and understand crop management techniques and their effects on productivity and environment.
· Know and understand the techniques to set up, manage and evaluate cropping systems in terms of productivity, sustainability and control of environmental impact.
Based on the basic disciplines of previous semesters, in this course the student knows and understands the interactions between crops and atmosphere and agronomic management techniques of cropping systems. This body of knowledge, integrated by more specific disciplines acquired later on, is a key tool to carry out a productive, environmental and economic evaluation of cropping systems.
· Know and understand the differences between ecosystems and agro-ecosystems, and the specific characteristics of the latter.
· Know meteorological and agrometeorological variables.
· Know and understand the interactions between plants (and crops in particular) and atmosphere.
· Know the measurements methods of the main meteorological and agrometeorological variables.
Unit "Agronomy and weed control"
· Obtain an integrated view of factors that contribute to crop management and of crop utilisation in cropping system.
· Know and understand crop management techniques and their effects on productivity and environment.
· Know and understand the techniques to set up, manage and evaluate cropping systems in terms of productivity, sustainability and control of environmental impact.
Based on the basic disciplines of previous semesters, in this course the student knows and understands the interactions between crops and atmosphere and agronomic management techniques of cropping systems. This body of knowledge, integrated by more specific disciplines acquired later on, is a key tool to carry out a productive, environmental and economic evaluation of cropping systems.
Lesson period: year
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course can be attended as a single course.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
year
Prerequisites for admission
- Mathematics, chemistry, physics
- Botany
- Plant physiology
- Soil science: texture and structure; biogeochemical cycles
- Basic knowledge of English (reading)
- Botany
- Plant physiology
- Soil science: texture and structure; biogeochemical cycles
- Basic knowledge of English (reading)
Assessment methods and Criteria
There are two tests, one for each teaching unit. The overall mark is calculated out of thirty as the weighted average of the marks obtained in the two tests. It is communicated through the University platform for recording examination results and is officially recorded in such a way that it can be rejected.
Teaching unit: "Agrometeorology and Agricultural Ecology"
Knowledge and understanding of the topics covered will be assessed through a written test with closed-ended and open-ended questions lasting 1.5 hours. There will be no oral examination.
The test for the Agrometeorology module includes two multiple-choice questions, 2-3 open-ended questions, and one exercise.
Only the use of a calculator is allowed for carrying out the exercises.
There is no penalty for incorrect answers in the multiple-choice questions. The optimal length of the answer to the open-ended questions may vary from a few lines to a full handwritten page.
Assessment will be based on the following elements: (a) appropriate use of language; (b) accuracy of the content; (c) completeness of the answer. Missing content will lower the grade. In the exercises, it is important to choose the correct orders of magnitude for the variables and parameters involved; units of measurement must always be specified.
Part of the grade will be assigned through the assessment of group work, where applicable.
To pass the overall exam, students must achieve at least a passing grade in both the Agrometeorology module and the Agricultural Ecology module. If the student passes only one of the two modules, they may retake the test for the module that was not passed in a subsequent exam session.
The following exam sessions are scheduled:
· Two sessions at the end of the four-month teaching periods (June-July, January-February)
· A possible session during the mid-term tests (April, November)
· One session in September
The grade for the test will be communicated by email. Students are required to reply by email to accept the result.
Teaching unit: "Agronomy and Weed Science"
The test for this teaching unit is written and consists of a first part with 12 multiple-choice questions, contributing 25% of the score, and a second part with six open-ended questions, accounting for the remaining 75%. There is no penalty for incorrect answers in the multiple-choice questions. The optimal length of the answers to the open-ended questions, which may also include exercises, may range from a few lines to a full handwritten page. The duration of the test is two hours and twenty minutes.
The assessment, expressed out of thirty, is based on the following elements: (a) appropriate use of language; (b) correctness of the content; (c) completeness of the answer. Missing content lowers the mark. Extra content is not assessed. In the exercises, it is important to choose the correct orders of magnitude for the variables and parameters involved; units of measurement must always be specified.
The use of a calculator is permitted for the exercises. There is no oral examination.
Students who wish to do so may take part in individual and group activities during the semester. Upon submission, for each activity, of a written report that will be assessed, these activities allow students to obtain up to three points, which will be added to the mark of the written test. The activities are presented during the first lecture and are available on the course myAriel website.
Passing the optional mid-term test, held during the teaching break, allows students to take a shorter final test, lasting two hours, on the same content as the standard test.
The following examination sessions are scheduled:
· Two sessions at the end of the four-month teaching periods: June-July and January-February
· One session during the mid-term test periods: April and November
· One session in September
Students with specific learning disabilities or disabilities are kindly requested to contact the lecturer by email at least 15 days before the scheduled examination date in order to agree on any individualised measures. In the email addressed to the lecturer, the relevant University Services must be copied: [email protected] for students with specific learning disabilities, or [email protected] for students with disabilities.
There are no differences in the type of examination between attending and non-attending students.
Teaching unit: "Agrometeorology and Agricultural Ecology"
Knowledge and understanding of the topics covered will be assessed through a written test with closed-ended and open-ended questions lasting 1.5 hours. There will be no oral examination.
The test for the Agrometeorology module includes two multiple-choice questions, 2-3 open-ended questions, and one exercise.
Only the use of a calculator is allowed for carrying out the exercises.
There is no penalty for incorrect answers in the multiple-choice questions. The optimal length of the answer to the open-ended questions may vary from a few lines to a full handwritten page.
Assessment will be based on the following elements: (a) appropriate use of language; (b) accuracy of the content; (c) completeness of the answer. Missing content will lower the grade. In the exercises, it is important to choose the correct orders of magnitude for the variables and parameters involved; units of measurement must always be specified.
Part of the grade will be assigned through the assessment of group work, where applicable.
To pass the overall exam, students must achieve at least a passing grade in both the Agrometeorology module and the Agricultural Ecology module. If the student passes only one of the two modules, they may retake the test for the module that was not passed in a subsequent exam session.
The following exam sessions are scheduled:
· Two sessions at the end of the four-month teaching periods (June-July, January-February)
· A possible session during the mid-term tests (April, November)
· One session in September
The grade for the test will be communicated by email. Students are required to reply by email to accept the result.
Teaching unit: "Agronomy and Weed Science"
The test for this teaching unit is written and consists of a first part with 12 multiple-choice questions, contributing 25% of the score, and a second part with six open-ended questions, accounting for the remaining 75%. There is no penalty for incorrect answers in the multiple-choice questions. The optimal length of the answers to the open-ended questions, which may also include exercises, may range from a few lines to a full handwritten page. The duration of the test is two hours and twenty minutes.
The assessment, expressed out of thirty, is based on the following elements: (a) appropriate use of language; (b) correctness of the content; (c) completeness of the answer. Missing content lowers the mark. Extra content is not assessed. In the exercises, it is important to choose the correct orders of magnitude for the variables and parameters involved; units of measurement must always be specified.
The use of a calculator is permitted for the exercises. There is no oral examination.
Students who wish to do so may take part in individual and group activities during the semester. Upon submission, for each activity, of a written report that will be assessed, these activities allow students to obtain up to three points, which will be added to the mark of the written test. The activities are presented during the first lecture and are available on the course myAriel website.
Passing the optional mid-term test, held during the teaching break, allows students to take a shorter final test, lasting two hours, on the same content as the standard test.
The following examination sessions are scheduled:
· Two sessions at the end of the four-month teaching periods: June-July and January-February
· One session during the mid-term test periods: April and November
· One session in September
Students with specific learning disabilities or disabilities are kindly requested to contact the lecturer by email at least 15 days before the scheduled examination date in order to agree on any individualised measures. In the email addressed to the lecturer, the relevant University Services must be copied: [email protected] for students with specific learning disabilities, or [email protected] for students with disabilities.
There are no differences in the type of examination between attending and non-attending students.
Agrometerologia ed Ecologia agraria
Course syllabus
· Elements of meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (0.75 ECTS)
· Atmospheric variables: temperature, solar radiation, precipitation, wind, humidity; and techniques for measurement, data processing, and analysis (1 ECTS)
· Their relationship with plants: light interception and photosynthesis; phenology and thermal sums; growth analysis (0.75 ECTS)
· Climate, climate classifications, and climate change (0.25 ECTS)
· Climate risk and protection against adverse weather events (0.25 ECTS)
· Agrometeorological modelling and simulation of growth and productivity (0.50 ECTS)
· Water balance and evapotranspiration (0.5 ECTS)
Agricultural ecology: basic definitions, goals and specificities
The evolution of ecological and agroecological thinking in Italy (from Pietro Cuppari to Girolamo Azzi, Draghetti and others)
Some basic concepts of ecology (primary and secondary succession, disturbance and its dimensions, systemic approach, definition and objectives of agroecosystem, Cropping, farming and agricultural systems, the scales of ecology in time and space, differences between ecosystems and agroecosystems; the driving variables of agroecosystems (1 CFU)
The concept of sustainability and its evolution over time (from the ' 60s, to the Club of Rome, to Rio 92 to Agenda 2030. The green deal, Nature Restoration Law, The National Integrated Agriculture Plan and its tools at the regional scale, Biodiversity Strategy, some references to the Common Agricultural Policy - CAP) (0, 75 CFU)
The concept of Ecosystem Services related to the multifunctional farm. Tools for assessing farm sustainability. Indicators and payments of Ecosystem Services (1 CFU)
The "agricultures of change" (Organic, integrated, regenerative, permaculture, syntropic, conservation agriculture, etc.) are the most important agricultural tools. Definitions and comparisons in the agroecological framework). Mitigation potentials of pollutant and greenhouse gas release reduction by the agri-food system (1 CFU)
· Atmospheric variables: temperature, solar radiation, precipitation, wind, humidity; and techniques for measurement, data processing, and analysis (1 ECTS)
· Their relationship with plants: light interception and photosynthesis; phenology and thermal sums; growth analysis (0.75 ECTS)
· Climate, climate classifications, and climate change (0.25 ECTS)
· Climate risk and protection against adverse weather events (0.25 ECTS)
· Agrometeorological modelling and simulation of growth and productivity (0.50 ECTS)
· Water balance and evapotranspiration (0.5 ECTS)
Agricultural ecology: basic definitions, goals and specificities
The evolution of ecological and agroecological thinking in Italy (from Pietro Cuppari to Girolamo Azzi, Draghetti and others)
Some basic concepts of ecology (primary and secondary succession, disturbance and its dimensions, systemic approach, definition and objectives of agroecosystem, Cropping, farming and agricultural systems, the scales of ecology in time and space, differences between ecosystems and agroecosystems; the driving variables of agroecosystems (1 CFU)
The concept of sustainability and its evolution over time (from the ' 60s, to the Club of Rome, to Rio 92 to Agenda 2030. The green deal, Nature Restoration Law, The National Integrated Agriculture Plan and its tools at the regional scale, Biodiversity Strategy, some references to the Common Agricultural Policy - CAP) (0, 75 CFU)
The concept of Ecosystem Services related to the multifunctional farm. Tools for assessing farm sustainability. Indicators and payments of Ecosystem Services (1 CFU)
The "agricultures of change" (Organic, integrated, regenerative, permaculture, syntropic, conservation agriculture, etc.) are the most important agricultural tools. Definitions and comparisons in the agroecological framework). Mitigation potentials of pollutant and greenhouse gas release reduction by the agri-food system (1 CFU)
Teaching methods
a) Classroom lectures
b) Group work, field trips (where possible)
c) Practical exercises and process simulation with data processing and solving practical exercises related to phenological, growth and productivity modelling, and to the water balance of agricultural soils
d) Discussions and analysis of complex case studies, also referring to modern rural development policies, to foster critical thinking.
b) Group work, field trips (where possible)
c) Practical exercises and process simulation with data processing and solving practical exercises related to phenological, growth and productivity modelling, and to the water balance of agricultural soils
d) Discussions and analysis of complex case studies, also referring to modern rural development policies, to foster critical thinking.
Teaching Resources
Orlandini S., Dalla Marta A., Altobelli F., Maucieri C., 2024. Agro-meteorologia. Edagricole, Bologna
Gliessman S.R. 2015. Agroecology. The Ecology of Sustainable Food Systems. CRC Press.
Gliessman S.R. 2015. Agroecology. The Ecology of Sustainable Food Systems. CRC Press.
Agronomia e Malerbologia
Course syllabus
These are the topics of the syllabus, in the order in which they are covered.
1. Introduction
Definitions of agriculture and agronomy. Crop production; growth; development. Production levels. Growth over time of leaf area and aboveground biomass in herbaceous crops. (0.5 ECTS)
2. Soil
The physical properties of soil, their importance, and their possible deterioration. Water infiltration rate. Soil penetration resistance. Structural stability. Soil-water relationships: division of soil volume; division of soil porosity; water content; water potential and its components; water retention curve; saturation, field capacity, and wilting point. Cohesion, plasticity, stickiness; their variation with soil moisture; tilth condition; shrinkage limit, plastic limit, liquid limit. Structural deterioration: surface crusting and compaction. (0.75 ECTS)
3. Soil tillage
Definition. Purposes of tillage. Classification of tillage operations. Tillage and soil water content. Tillage operations are presented according to the following scheme: action, implement structure, effect on soil and residues, role in tillage systems, advantages and disadvantages. Ploughing with a traditional mouldboard plough. Subsoiling. Brief notes on rotary tillage and hoeing. Cultivating. Harrowing. Rolling. Inter-row hoeing. Ridging. Ploughing depth. Level ploughing / gathering ploughing / splitting ploughing. Up-and-down slope ploughing / contour ploughing. Timing of ploughing. Conservation agriculture: definition, available techniques, advantages and disadvantages. No-tillage. Minimum tillage. Cover crops. Management of crop residues. (1 ECTS)
4. Fertilisation
Purpose and importance of fertilisation. Essential and non-essential nutrients. Crop response to fertilisation. Role of the soil. Liebig's law. Optimal nutrient rate. Nitrogen fertilisation: mineralisation rate and crop removal rate; apparent agronomic efficiency; real efficiency; effectiveness; factors influencing efficiency; estimation of nitrogen rate using the balance method, with practical exercises. Phosphorus and potassium fertilisation: concept of plant-available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium; estimation of phosphorus and potassium application rates. Timing and method of application of mineral fertilisers. Mineral fertilisers: classification; nutrient content; nitrogen fertilisers; phosphate fertilisers; potassium fertilisers. Organic fertilisers: nutrient content and behaviour in the soil; selection criteria; livestock slurry, including composition, characteristics, apparent nitrogen efficiency, environmental risks, treatment, field application, and brief notes on regulations. (2 ECTS)
5. Soil amendment
Objective of soil amendment. Importance of organic matter and factors influencing its presence in the soil. Humus balance. Soil amendments. (0.5 ECTS)
6. Weed flora management
Definition and importance of weed flora. Classification of weed flora according to propagation mechanism; seed dormancy; soil seed bank and its dynamics; potential flora and actual flora. Classification of weed flora according to life cycle duration. Weed flora management: prevention and control. Weed control: concepts of integrated pest management; intervention thresholds and weed-free period required. Mechanical, physical, cultural, and biological control. Chemical control: advantages and disadvantages; foliar and soil application; environmental fate of soil-applied herbicides and environmental and management factors influencing their effectiveness, including soil water content and organic matter content; factors affecting the effectiveness of foliar-applied herbicides. Contact and systemic herbicides. Mechanisms of action of herbicides. Herbicide selectivity. Timing of intervention: pre-sowing, crop pre-emergence, crop post-emergence. (1.25 ECTS)
1. Introduction
Definitions of agriculture and agronomy. Crop production; growth; development. Production levels. Growth over time of leaf area and aboveground biomass in herbaceous crops. (0.5 ECTS)
2. Soil
The physical properties of soil, their importance, and their possible deterioration. Water infiltration rate. Soil penetration resistance. Structural stability. Soil-water relationships: division of soil volume; division of soil porosity; water content; water potential and its components; water retention curve; saturation, field capacity, and wilting point. Cohesion, plasticity, stickiness; their variation with soil moisture; tilth condition; shrinkage limit, plastic limit, liquid limit. Structural deterioration: surface crusting and compaction. (0.75 ECTS)
3. Soil tillage
Definition. Purposes of tillage. Classification of tillage operations. Tillage and soil water content. Tillage operations are presented according to the following scheme: action, implement structure, effect on soil and residues, role in tillage systems, advantages and disadvantages. Ploughing with a traditional mouldboard plough. Subsoiling. Brief notes on rotary tillage and hoeing. Cultivating. Harrowing. Rolling. Inter-row hoeing. Ridging. Ploughing depth. Level ploughing / gathering ploughing / splitting ploughing. Up-and-down slope ploughing / contour ploughing. Timing of ploughing. Conservation agriculture: definition, available techniques, advantages and disadvantages. No-tillage. Minimum tillage. Cover crops. Management of crop residues. (1 ECTS)
4. Fertilisation
Purpose and importance of fertilisation. Essential and non-essential nutrients. Crop response to fertilisation. Role of the soil. Liebig's law. Optimal nutrient rate. Nitrogen fertilisation: mineralisation rate and crop removal rate; apparent agronomic efficiency; real efficiency; effectiveness; factors influencing efficiency; estimation of nitrogen rate using the balance method, with practical exercises. Phosphorus and potassium fertilisation: concept of plant-available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium; estimation of phosphorus and potassium application rates. Timing and method of application of mineral fertilisers. Mineral fertilisers: classification; nutrient content; nitrogen fertilisers; phosphate fertilisers; potassium fertilisers. Organic fertilisers: nutrient content and behaviour in the soil; selection criteria; livestock slurry, including composition, characteristics, apparent nitrogen efficiency, environmental risks, treatment, field application, and brief notes on regulations. (2 ECTS)
5. Soil amendment
Objective of soil amendment. Importance of organic matter and factors influencing its presence in the soil. Humus balance. Soil amendments. (0.5 ECTS)
6. Weed flora management
Definition and importance of weed flora. Classification of weed flora according to propagation mechanism; seed dormancy; soil seed bank and its dynamics; potential flora and actual flora. Classification of weed flora according to life cycle duration. Weed flora management: prevention and control. Weed control: concepts of integrated pest management; intervention thresholds and weed-free period required. Mechanical, physical, cultural, and biological control. Chemical control: advantages and disadvantages; foliar and soil application; environmental fate of soil-applied herbicides and environmental and management factors influencing their effectiveness, including soil water content and organic matter content; factors affecting the effectiveness of foliar-applied herbicides. Contact and systemic herbicides. Mechanisms of action of herbicides. Herbicide selectivity. Timing of intervention: pre-sowing, crop pre-emergence, crop post-emergence. (1.25 ECTS)
Teaching methods
The course includes three teaching formats:
(a) Classroom lectures for the presentation and discussion of all the topics in the syllabus.
(b) Classroom practical sessions for hands-on activities, such as reading and discussing technical articles, and preparing the nutrient management plan and the humus balance.
(c) Educational visits to farms, during which students will be able to directly observe soils, crops, and equipment, and discuss concepts related to tillage, fertilization, and weed management in arable crops with farmers and technicians.
All these activities contribute to achieving the expected learning outcomes by encouraging reflection on the interconnections among soil, crop, management, and atmosphere. The classroom practical sessions contribute to the acquisition of techniques for preparing the nutrient management plan. The field practical sessions, namely the educational visits, make it possible to put into practice what has been learned during lectures and classroom exercises, through discussion with technicians and farmers.
On myAriel https://myariel.unimi.it/, you can find: lecture slides; exercise texts, data, and answers; and references to additional teaching materials, such as videos and articles. You are invited to use the website corresponding to the academic year of your second year of study:
· Link for academic year 2026/2027: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=12278
· Link for academic year 2025/2026: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=7942
· Link for academic year 2024/2025: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=3458
· Link for academic year 2023/2024: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=1036
· Link for academic year 2022/2023: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=94
· Link for academic year 2020/2021: https://lbechinia.ariel.ctu.unimi.it/
Attendance is strongly recommended.
(a) Classroom lectures for the presentation and discussion of all the topics in the syllabus.
(b) Classroom practical sessions for hands-on activities, such as reading and discussing technical articles, and preparing the nutrient management plan and the humus balance.
(c) Educational visits to farms, during which students will be able to directly observe soils, crops, and equipment, and discuss concepts related to tillage, fertilization, and weed management in arable crops with farmers and technicians.
All these activities contribute to achieving the expected learning outcomes by encouraging reflection on the interconnections among soil, crop, management, and atmosphere. The classroom practical sessions contribute to the acquisition of techniques for preparing the nutrient management plan. The field practical sessions, namely the educational visits, make it possible to put into practice what has been learned during lectures and classroom exercises, through discussion with technicians and farmers.
On myAriel https://myariel.unimi.it/, you can find: lecture slides; exercise texts, data, and answers; and references to additional teaching materials, such as videos and articles. You are invited to use the website corresponding to the academic year of your second year of study:
· Link for academic year 2026/2027: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=12278
· Link for academic year 2025/2026: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=7942
· Link for academic year 2024/2025: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=3458
· Link for academic year 2023/2024: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=1036
· Link for academic year 2022/2023: https://myariel.unimi.it/course/view.php?id=94
· Link for academic year 2020/2021: https://lbechinia.ariel.ctu.unimi.it/
Attendance is strongly recommended.
Teaching Resources
The teaching material is the same for attending and non-attending students. The reference textbook is:
Ceccon, P., Antichi, D., Fagnano, M., Giannini, V., Grignani, C., Monti, M., Orlandini, S., Vidotto, Zavattaro, L., 2026. Agronomia. EdiSES, Napoli.
On myAriel, there is a precise indication of the texts to be used for each topic in the syllabus. In addition to this book, myAriel also provides other references, including websites, videos, articles, and chapters from other books.
All texts are indicated for students' independent consultation and study. They are not used directly with students during lectures and practical classes.
FOR FURTHER READING
Grignani, C., 2016. Sustainable Fertilization. Principles, Technologies and Operational Examples, Edagricole University and Training Series. Edagricole-New Business Media, Milan, Italy.
Casa, R., 2016. Precision Agriculture, Edagricole University and Training Series. Edagricole-New Business Media, Milan, Italy.
Loomis, R.S., Connor, D.J., 1992. Crop Ecology: Productivity and Management in Agricultural Systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Villalobos, F.J., Fereres, E. (Eds.), 2024. Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46116-8.
Ceccon, P., Antichi, D., Fagnano, M., Giannini, V., Grignani, C., Monti, M., Orlandini, S., Vidotto, Zavattaro, L., 2026. Agronomia. EdiSES, Napoli.
On myAriel, there is a precise indication of the texts to be used for each topic in the syllabus. In addition to this book, myAriel also provides other references, including websites, videos, articles, and chapters from other books.
All texts are indicated for students' independent consultation and study. They are not used directly with students during lectures and practical classes.
FOR FURTHER READING
Grignani, C., 2016. Sustainable Fertilization. Principles, Technologies and Operational Examples, Edagricole University and Training Series. Edagricole-New Business Media, Milan, Italy.
Casa, R., 2016. Precision Agriculture, Edagricole University and Training Series. Edagricole-New Business Media, Milan, Italy.
Loomis, R.S., Connor, D.J., 1992. Crop Ecology: Productivity and Management in Agricultural Systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Villalobos, F.J., Fereres, E. (Eds.), 2024. Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46116-8.
Modules or teaching units
Agrometerologia ed Ecologia agraria
AGR/02 - AGRONOMY AND FIELD CROPS - University credits: 8
Exercises: 16 hours
Lessons: 56 hours
Lessons: 56 hours
Professors:
Bocchi Stefano, Spanna Federico
Shifts:
Professors:
Bocchi Stefano, Spanna Federico
Agronomia e Malerbologia
AGR/02 - AGRONOMY AND FIELD CROPS - University credits: 6
Field activity: 6 hours
Exercises: 14 hours
Lessons: 38 hours
Exercises: 14 hours
Lessons: 38 hours
Professor:
Bechini Luca
Shifts:
Turno
Professor:
Bechini LucaProfessor(s)
Reception:
By making an appointment.
In my office (Via Celoria 2, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Agronomia, 1st floor above "Aula 1")
Reception:
3 - 7 p.m
Office at the Section of Agronomy ESP