From 3d-culture and 3d-printing to organoids

Mechano-sensing
Mechanotransduction
Shearing
Stiffness materials and cell responses
How to select the adequate surface
Citoskeleton and ECM
Macro-crowding

Cells cultured in 3D-model systems often acquire relatively large in vivo-like structures compared to the thickness of a 2D-monolayer of cells grown on standard plastic plates. Moreover, cells grow in a physiologically relevant environment, yet providing a challenge for assay chemistries originally designed for measuring events from monolayers of cells. 3D-culture methods depends on a number of factors, including the tissue you need to model and the particular research question you wish to explore. There is an unmet need for guidelines for design and validation of fit to purpose and effective assays useful for 3D-model systems. The course will provide the student with the understanding of the main aspects related to 3D-culture. Recommendations for factors to consider when verifying performance of cell health assays on 3D-culture models will also be presented.

Main topics:
3D-culture types
Methods and protocols for 3D-cultures
Critical factors to consider for each 3D-model system and cell type
Examples of applications of 3D-culture models
Practicals will be dedicated to 3D-culture

3D-bioprinters: philosophy and application in medicine
Artificial and biological matrix
Fabrication process
Decellularization & Recellularization process
"Print your heart out 3D". How to design, create and implant and ad hoc organoid