Electrical, Electromagnetic and Gravimetric Methods for Environment and Exploration
A.Y. 2023/2024
Learning objectives
Knowledge and understanding: learn the basic knowledge of potential field methods; acquire the terminology pertinent to electric, magnetic, electromagnetic and gravimetric methods; learn how to implement simple scripts for data processing and visualization.
Applying knowledge and understanding: the acquired knowledge allows to approach correctly the design and the implementation of a geophysical survey carried out with potential field methods, to give the answer to a problem in the field of applied geophysics; furthermore, the student acquires the skills to implement simple scripts for processing and visualization of geophysical data and to use complex inversion software.
Applying knowledge and understanding: the acquired knowledge allows to approach correctly the design and the implementation of a geophysical survey carried out with potential field methods, to give the answer to a problem in the field of applied geophysics; furthermore, the student acquires the skills to implement simple scripts for processing and visualization of geophysical data and to use complex inversion software.
Expected learning outcomes
Making judgements: the student is able to evaluate autonomously the potential-field geophysical methodologies that can be applied for exploration purposes, knowing the advantages, the disadvantages and the limitations.
Communication skills: the student is able to clearly communicate the topics of potential-field geophysical methods, the difficulties encountered in the application of the different methodologies and the possible solutions. He/she is able to interact with the experts in this field.
Learning skills: Give the student the ability to learn autonomously topics that can not be dealt with during the lessons due to the limited time available, and also give him/her the ability to deepen the ones discussed.
Communication skills: the student is able to clearly communicate the topics of potential-field geophysical methods, the difficulties encountered in the application of the different methodologies and the possible solutions. He/she is able to interact with the experts in this field.
Learning skills: Give the student the ability to learn autonomously topics that can not be dealt with during the lessons due to the limited time available, and also give him/her the ability to deepen the ones discussed.
Lesson period: First semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course can be attended as a single course.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
First semester
Course syllabus
· Electrical prospection: mechanisms of electrical conduction in rocks; Ohm's law; Archie's law; electric field generated by a point electrode; electric quadrupole and apparent resistivity; arrays. Vertical electrical soundings; Horizontal electrical soundings; electrical resistivity tomography (ERT); cross-borehole tomography; time-lapse measurements and monitoring.
· Forward modelling and inversion of geophysical data: brief outline of modelling and inversion techniques; resolution of inversion parameters and equivalent models; inversion regularization.
· Induced Polarization: definitions and physical principles, dispersive resistivity and phenomenological models; time-domain and frequency-domain galvanic measurements;.
· Electromagnetic Prospection: physical principles; instrumentation and acquisition procedures of time-domain (TDEM) and frequency-domain (FDEM) electromagnetic data; Airborne EM; induced polarization in EM data.
· Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: physical principles, instrumentation and acquisition procedures.
· Gravimetric prospection: Earth's gravity field and density of soils and rocks; measurement procedures and gravimetric corrections.
· Magnetic Prospection: Earth's magnetic field and magnetic properties of minerals and rocks; measuring instruments and procedures.
· Forward modelling and inversion of geophysical data: brief outline of modelling and inversion techniques; resolution of inversion parameters and equivalent models; inversion regularization.
· Induced Polarization: definitions and physical principles, dispersive resistivity and phenomenological models; time-domain and frequency-domain galvanic measurements;.
· Electromagnetic Prospection: physical principles; instrumentation and acquisition procedures of time-domain (TDEM) and frequency-domain (FDEM) electromagnetic data; Airborne EM; induced polarization in EM data.
· Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: physical principles, instrumentation and acquisition procedures.
· Gravimetric prospection: Earth's gravity field and density of soils and rocks; measurement procedures and gravimetric corrections.
· Magnetic Prospection: Earth's magnetic field and magnetic properties of minerals and rocks; measuring instruments and procedures.
Prerequisites for admission
Physics: knowledge of mechanics and electromagnetism. Mathematics: differential equations, complex numbers, Fourier analysis.
Teaching methods
Theoretical lectures; practical exercises in python/Matlab, with implementation of simple processing and visualization scripts, and use of complex software for data processing/inversion.
Teaching Resources
· Reynolds, J.M., 2011, An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics, Wiley.
· Siemon B., Christiansen A.V., Lykke-andersen H., Jørgensen F., Dietrich P., Auken E., Jimenez M.A., 2006, Groundwater Geophysics: A Tool for Hydrogeology, 2nd edition, Springer
· Binley, A. and Slater L., 2020, Resistivity and induced polarization: Theory and applications to the near-surface earth. Cambridge University Press.
· Siemon B., Christiansen A.V., Lykke-andersen H., Jørgensen F., Dietrich P., Auken E., Jimenez M.A., 2006, Groundwater Geophysics: A Tool for Hydrogeology, 2nd edition, Springer
· Binley, A. and Slater L., 2020, Resistivity and induced polarization: Theory and applications to the near-surface earth. Cambridge University Press.
Assessment methods and Criteria
Oral exam and mandatory home assignments during the course (consisting in the development of processing/visualization scripts and in the processing/inversion of data).
GEO/11 - APPLIED GEOPHYSICS - University credits: 6
Practicals with elements of theory: 24 hours
Lessons: 32 hours
Lessons: 32 hours
Professors:
Fiandaca Gianluca, Giudici Mauro
Professor(s)
Reception:
By phone or mail appointment
via Botticelli 23