Principles of Physiological and Metabolic Processes in Agriculture
A.Y. 2024/2025
Learning objectives
The course will provide students the basic knowledge of the fundamental biochemical and physiological processes of plants, with the general objective of understanding mechanisms most involved in the determination of crop plant yield, also in unfavourable environments. The course also proposes to provide the fundamental notions concerning General and Agro-Food Microbiology and basic microbiological techniques for the analysis of food samples. These skills will be acquired both through lectures and classroom exercises concerning the resolution of biochemistry problems and through laboratory exercises related to biochemical and microbiological analyses aimed at defining the quality of agricultural-food products.
Expected learning outcomes
The student will acquire the knowledge of the mechanisms regulating energy transfer and carbon metabolism in plants and in microorganisms, and of the biochemical and physiological factors underlying the productivity in the agro-food sector, even in unfavorable environments. At course completion, the acquired knowledge will be useful to face practical problems in agricultural contexts, also through the application of basic biochemical and microbiological techniques for the analysis of agro-food samples. Participation in classroom exercises, laboratory activities, and oral or written assessment methods will contribute to the development of communication skills. Furthermore, the use of diversified study tools (manuals, on-line material made available by the Teachers, personal notes, on line resources) will help to develop the ability to find independently information and useful ideas for future job activities.
Lesson period: Second semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course can be attended as a single course.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
Second semester
Course syllabus
T.U. 1 - BIOCHEMISTRY AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY - FABRIZIO ARANITI - FRONTAL LESSONS 6 CFU
The Course describes higher plants' fundamental biochemical and physiological processes, whose knowledge is mandatory for understanding the main mechanisms involved in determining crop yield in unfavourable environments.
COURSE SYLLABUS - SYNTHESIS
In synthesis, the Course syllabus foresees the topics following listed.
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY: 1) Thermodynamics and Bioenergetics (0.75 CFU); 2) Enzyme catalysis (0.75 CFU); 3) Energy metabolism: Glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle, and other pathways of carbon metabolism; Oxidative phosphorylation (1 CFU).
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY; 1) Photosynthesis: light reactions and assimilation reactions, ecophysiology of photosynthesis (1 CFU); 2) Plant-water relations; transpiration, stomata regulation, water transport in the xylem; translocation of photosynthates and sink-source relationships (1 CFU): 7) Mineral nutrition: chemical and electrochemical potentials, solute absorption and assimilation (0.5 CFU).
COURSE SYLLABUS
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Principles of bioenergetics and thermodynamics (0.75 CFU): thermodynamic systems and their environments; I and II thermodynamics laws; entropy and free energy; exo- and endo-ergonic reactions; energetically coupled reactions; ATP and phosphor group transfer; other high-energy compounds; carbon redox states in compounds of biological interest; oxy-reduction potential; relationship between delta E and delta G; oxy-reduction coenzymes; redox reactions of biological interest
Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of enzymatic catalysis. (0.75 CFU): Michaelis-Menten's equation; Inhibition and regulation of enzyme-catalyzed reactions
Metabolic reactions: the concepts of catabolism and anabolism (1 CFU): carbon metabolism: degradation of storage polysaccharides (starch); glycolysis and lactic and alcoholic fermentation; energy yield of anaerobic glucose degradation; the Krebs cycle; electron flux and oxidative phosphorylation; Mitchell's chemiosmosis theory; energy yield of glucose aerobic degradation; other mechanisms of O2 consumption in plants; other pathways of glucose degradation: the pentose-P pathway; basic aspects of the metabolism of storage lipids: energy yield of fatty acids degradation; basic aspects of storage lipid degradation in plants.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Photosynthesis: (1 CFU): the electromagnetic spectrum; energy content of different wavelength radiations; photosynthetically active radiation; absorption and action spectra; photosynthetic pigments: excitation and de-excitation phenomena; Photosystems, light-harvesting complexes, reaction centres; energy transfer from the light-harvesting complexes to the reaction center; accessory pigments; photosynthetic electron flow and phosphorylation: the Z scheme; non-cyclic and cyclic photophosphorylation; herbicides disrupting the photosynthetic electron transport; photooxidative damage; carbon assimilation: C3 and C4 cycles, CAM metabolism; photorespiration; responses to light and temperature: light compensation point, CO2 compensation point.
Plants and water (1 CFU): definition of water potential and factors contributing to it in the plant cell: pressure, temperature, presence of solutes; components of water potential in the plant cell: solute potential, matric potential, pressure potential; osmotic phenomena: Van't Hoff's law. Isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions; plasmolysis, cell turgor; Expansion growth; the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum; water absorption by roots: the apoplastic and symplastic pathways; transpiration; the driving force for the ascent of the xylem sap in the xylem; loss of water through the stomata, regulation of stomata opening; photosynthate translocation in the phloem: osmotically generated pressure flow; role of active transport of H+ in sucrose loading and unloading; sink-sources relationships.
Mineral nutrition (0.5 CFU): plant nutrient requirements (micro- and macronutrients); nutrient availability and plant growth; solute transport in plant cells; cell membranes and the plasmalemma: their role in cell physiology; selective permeability; chemical and electrochemical potentials and their role in determining the direction of solute flux; diffusion, active and passive transport; the Nernst's equation; carriers and ion channels; the role of the PM H+-ATPase in generating the transmembrane electrochemical proton gradient and its role in secondary active transport; absorption and assimilation of N, S and P; micronutrient absorption: the case of Fe; heavy metal toxicity: the case of Al; mechanism of resistance to heavy metals: exclusion and detoxification.
Specific topics will be broadened by exercises in the classroom.
LABORATORY activities (1CFU)
Evaluation of stress effects on plants through cultivation in soil or hydroponics, applying nutritional or xenobiotic stress factors, and subsequently monitoring biochemical and physiological parameters.
T.U.2 - GENERAL AND AGRO-FOOD MICROBIOLOGY - MANUELA SILVIA ROLLINI - FRONTAL LESSONS 3 CFU, LABORATORY ACTIVITIES 1 CFU
The course provides fundamental notions regarding the morphology, physiology, metabolism, and function of microorganisms in nature, with reference to their use in agricultural biotechnologies for environmental protection, animal and plant production, and food processing.
COURSE SYLLABUS - SYNTHESIS
In summary, the Course syllabus includes the presentation and the discussion of the following topics:
1) Morphology and cytology of prokaryotes and eukaryotes (0.25 CFU). 2) Microbial growth, its evaluation with direct and indirect procedures (0.35 CFU). 3) Microbial metabolism: respiration and fermentation (0.5 CFU). 4) Parameters affecting microbial growth (0.5 CFU); 5) Antibiotics: classification and antimicrobial activity (0.3 CFU). 6) Interactions between microorganisms, animals and plants (0.30 CFU). 7) Microbial groups involved in the main food transformations (0.55 CFU). 8) Diseases of viral origin conveyed by food products (0.25 CFU). 9) Laboratory (1 CFU): bacterial cultures, microscopy, and microbiological analysis of food products.
COURSE SYLLABUS
GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
The Microbial world (prokaryotic cell): structure, functions; comparison with eukaryotic cell; morphology of prokaryotic cell and eumycetes.
Microorganisms nutritional requirements: factors influencing microbial growth: type of substrate, pH, temperature, time, free water and oxygen availability.
Microbial metabolism: catabolism and anabolism relationships; the main energetic metabolic pathways (aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, alcoholic and lactic fermentation).
Determination of microbial growth: direct and indirect procedures.
Antibiotics: classification and mode of action; antimicrobial resistance.
Interaction among microorganisms in ecosystems: commensalism, antagonism, mutualism.
Microbial groups involved on food production and shelf life: the role of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and spore forming bacteria.
LABORATORY ACTIVITIES
Work in sterility, sterilization techniques. Bacterial growth and culture media. Total count of a liquid yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) through the Burker chamber, and vital count through decimal dilution and plating. Count of specific microbial groups in environmental and food samples.
The Course describes higher plants' fundamental biochemical and physiological processes, whose knowledge is mandatory for understanding the main mechanisms involved in determining crop yield in unfavourable environments.
COURSE SYLLABUS - SYNTHESIS
In synthesis, the Course syllabus foresees the topics following listed.
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY: 1) Thermodynamics and Bioenergetics (0.75 CFU); 2) Enzyme catalysis (0.75 CFU); 3) Energy metabolism: Glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle, and other pathways of carbon metabolism; Oxidative phosphorylation (1 CFU).
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY; 1) Photosynthesis: light reactions and assimilation reactions, ecophysiology of photosynthesis (1 CFU); 2) Plant-water relations; transpiration, stomata regulation, water transport in the xylem; translocation of photosynthates and sink-source relationships (1 CFU): 7) Mineral nutrition: chemical and electrochemical potentials, solute absorption and assimilation (0.5 CFU).
COURSE SYLLABUS
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Principles of bioenergetics and thermodynamics (0.75 CFU): thermodynamic systems and their environments; I and II thermodynamics laws; entropy and free energy; exo- and endo-ergonic reactions; energetically coupled reactions; ATP and phosphor group transfer; other high-energy compounds; carbon redox states in compounds of biological interest; oxy-reduction potential; relationship between delta E and delta G; oxy-reduction coenzymes; redox reactions of biological interest
Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of enzymatic catalysis. (0.75 CFU): Michaelis-Menten's equation; Inhibition and regulation of enzyme-catalyzed reactions
Metabolic reactions: the concepts of catabolism and anabolism (1 CFU): carbon metabolism: degradation of storage polysaccharides (starch); glycolysis and lactic and alcoholic fermentation; energy yield of anaerobic glucose degradation; the Krebs cycle; electron flux and oxidative phosphorylation; Mitchell's chemiosmosis theory; energy yield of glucose aerobic degradation; other mechanisms of O2 consumption in plants; other pathways of glucose degradation: the pentose-P pathway; basic aspects of the metabolism of storage lipids: energy yield of fatty acids degradation; basic aspects of storage lipid degradation in plants.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Photosynthesis: (1 CFU): the electromagnetic spectrum; energy content of different wavelength radiations; photosynthetically active radiation; absorption and action spectra; photosynthetic pigments: excitation and de-excitation phenomena; Photosystems, light-harvesting complexes, reaction centres; energy transfer from the light-harvesting complexes to the reaction center; accessory pigments; photosynthetic electron flow and phosphorylation: the Z scheme; non-cyclic and cyclic photophosphorylation; herbicides disrupting the photosynthetic electron transport; photooxidative damage; carbon assimilation: C3 and C4 cycles, CAM metabolism; photorespiration; responses to light and temperature: light compensation point, CO2 compensation point.
Plants and water (1 CFU): definition of water potential and factors contributing to it in the plant cell: pressure, temperature, presence of solutes; components of water potential in the plant cell: solute potential, matric potential, pressure potential; osmotic phenomena: Van't Hoff's law. Isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions; plasmolysis, cell turgor; Expansion growth; the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum; water absorption by roots: the apoplastic and symplastic pathways; transpiration; the driving force for the ascent of the xylem sap in the xylem; loss of water through the stomata, regulation of stomata opening; photosynthate translocation in the phloem: osmotically generated pressure flow; role of active transport of H+ in sucrose loading and unloading; sink-sources relationships.
Mineral nutrition (0.5 CFU): plant nutrient requirements (micro- and macronutrients); nutrient availability and plant growth; solute transport in plant cells; cell membranes and the plasmalemma: their role in cell physiology; selective permeability; chemical and electrochemical potentials and their role in determining the direction of solute flux; diffusion, active and passive transport; the Nernst's equation; carriers and ion channels; the role of the PM H+-ATPase in generating the transmembrane electrochemical proton gradient and its role in secondary active transport; absorption and assimilation of N, S and P; micronutrient absorption: the case of Fe; heavy metal toxicity: the case of Al; mechanism of resistance to heavy metals: exclusion and detoxification.
Specific topics will be broadened by exercises in the classroom.
LABORATORY activities (1CFU)
Evaluation of stress effects on plants through cultivation in soil or hydroponics, applying nutritional or xenobiotic stress factors, and subsequently monitoring biochemical and physiological parameters.
T.U.2 - GENERAL AND AGRO-FOOD MICROBIOLOGY - MANUELA SILVIA ROLLINI - FRONTAL LESSONS 3 CFU, LABORATORY ACTIVITIES 1 CFU
The course provides fundamental notions regarding the morphology, physiology, metabolism, and function of microorganisms in nature, with reference to their use in agricultural biotechnologies for environmental protection, animal and plant production, and food processing.
COURSE SYLLABUS - SYNTHESIS
In summary, the Course syllabus includes the presentation and the discussion of the following topics:
1) Morphology and cytology of prokaryotes and eukaryotes (0.25 CFU). 2) Microbial growth, its evaluation with direct and indirect procedures (0.35 CFU). 3) Microbial metabolism: respiration and fermentation (0.5 CFU). 4) Parameters affecting microbial growth (0.5 CFU); 5) Antibiotics: classification and antimicrobial activity (0.3 CFU). 6) Interactions between microorganisms, animals and plants (0.30 CFU). 7) Microbial groups involved in the main food transformations (0.55 CFU). 8) Diseases of viral origin conveyed by food products (0.25 CFU). 9) Laboratory (1 CFU): bacterial cultures, microscopy, and microbiological analysis of food products.
COURSE SYLLABUS
GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
The Microbial world (prokaryotic cell): structure, functions; comparison with eukaryotic cell; morphology of prokaryotic cell and eumycetes.
Microorganisms nutritional requirements: factors influencing microbial growth: type of substrate, pH, temperature, time, free water and oxygen availability.
Microbial metabolism: catabolism and anabolism relationships; the main energetic metabolic pathways (aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, alcoholic and lactic fermentation).
Determination of microbial growth: direct and indirect procedures.
Antibiotics: classification and mode of action; antimicrobial resistance.
Interaction among microorganisms in ecosystems: commensalism, antagonism, mutualism.
Microbial groups involved on food production and shelf life: the role of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and spore forming bacteria.
LABORATORY ACTIVITIES
Work in sterility, sterilization techniques. Bacterial growth and culture media. Total count of a liquid yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) through the Burker chamber, and vital count through decimal dilution and plating. Count of specific microbial groups in environmental and food samples.
Prerequisites for admission
Complete understanding of the Course contents strictly depends on knowledge from previous courses in the fundamentals of Plant Biology, Physics, Inorganic Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry. Such prerequisites apply to all students, whether attending the Course or not.
Teaching methods
The Course uses e-learning teaching tools (PowerPoint slides, video recordings of the lectures) from the Ariel 2.0 platform.
Teachers will use a) frontal lessons, b) classroom exercises, and c) laboratory practices (Microbiology). All the activities will contribute to gaining the Expected Learning Outcomes (see dedicated paragraph).
Attending the lectures is strongly recommended.
Teachers will use a) frontal lessons, b) classroom exercises, and c) laboratory practices (Microbiology). All the activities will contribute to gaining the Expected Learning Outcomes (see dedicated paragraph).
Attending the lectures is strongly recommended.
Teaching Resources
T.U.1
Nelson D., Cox M. "Introduzione alla biochimica di Lehninger", ed. Zanichelli (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
Pinton et al., Fondamenti di Biochimica Agraria, Patron Editore, Bologna (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
D'Andrea G. Biochimica Essenziale EdiSES (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
N. Rascio, "Elementi di Fisiologia Vegetale", Edises (T.U. 1, Plant Physiology).
R.F Evert, S.E Eichhorn, Biologia delle piante di Raven, Zanichelli (T.U. 1, Biochemistry and Plant Physiology).
Notes from the course lectures. Copy of the slides shown during the lectures will be made available to the students of the Degree Course on the website https://myariel.unimi.it (Prof. Fabrizio Araniti).
T.U.2
B. Biavati e C. Sorlini, 2012: Microbiologia generale e Agraria. Vol. 1, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano.
On http://ariel.unimi.it (Prof. Manuela Rollini), the material for the laboratory practices and the files with all the slides shown during the lessons are available; moreover, it presents additional and integrative material about the topics covered.
Nelson D., Cox M. "Introduzione alla biochimica di Lehninger", ed. Zanichelli (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
Pinton et al., Fondamenti di Biochimica Agraria, Patron Editore, Bologna (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
D'Andrea G. Biochimica Essenziale EdiSES (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
N. Rascio, "Elementi di Fisiologia Vegetale", Edises (T.U. 1, Plant Physiology).
R.F Evert, S.E Eichhorn, Biologia delle piante di Raven, Zanichelli (T.U. 1, Biochemistry and Plant Physiology).
Notes from the course lectures. Copy of the slides shown during the lectures will be made available to the students of the Degree Course on the website https://myariel.unimi.it (Prof. Fabrizio Araniti).
T.U.2
B. Biavati e C. Sorlini, 2012: Microbiologia generale e Agraria. Vol. 1, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano.
On http://ariel.unimi.it (Prof. Manuela Rollini), the material for the laboratory practices and the files with all the slides shown during the lessons are available; moreover, it presents additional and integrative material about the topics covered.
Assessment methods and Criteria
The student should demonstrate the ability to elaborate on the Course contents by integrating them with those of the prior Courses. There is no mandatory prerequisite concerning other Courses of Study Course. Nevertheless, successfully completing the First-Year Courses (Plant and Animal Biology, Physics, General and Inorganic Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry) is strongly recommended before studying the topics inherent to the exam.
Knowledge and understanding of the topics of the first part of the course (first 3 CFUs of T.U. 1) are imperative to understand the topics that will be considered subsequently concerning both Plant physiology (last 3 CFUs of T.U. 1) and Microbiology (4 credits, T.U. 2) issues.
In the case of U.D.1 (Plant Biochemistry and Physiology), the learning assessment will take place through an oral exam or a written test, typically consisting of four questions: two on biochemistry and two on plant physiology. In these questions, the student must demonstrate the ability to process the course content to address agro-food issues interdisciplinary.
In general, the answers to the written tests, as well as any oral interviews, will be evaluated based on parameters such as a) the ability to organize knowledge discursively, b) the quality of the presentation, c) the competence in using the specific vocabulary of the studied topics.
At the end of this oral interview/written test, an overall score for U.D.1 will be given.
In the case of T.U.2 (Microbiology), learning is assessed through a written test, which typically includes four questions: two on general microbiology and two on applied microbiology. The student must demonstrate the ability to integrate course content to address agro-food issues in an interdisciplinary manner.
In the cases of T.U1 and T.U.2, the assessment methods and evaluation criteria will be identical for attending and non-attending students.
The final score of the course exam (10 CUFs) will be obtained from the weighted mean of the two teaching units with respect to their relative CFUs.
Examinations will take place at Edolo with a minimum number of students equal to 5; otherwise, at the sole discretion of the commission, they will take place at the Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie ed Alimentari, via Celoria 2, Milano. The location will be, therefore, communicated to the students (online registration) by e-mail after the deadline of the registration time, i.e., 2 d before the test date. Students are therefore prompted to check regularly their institutional e-mail boxes ([email protected]) and the Ariel 2.0 notice boards.
Therefore, students enrolled in an exam session who no longer wish to take the exam are required to promptly notify the teachers if access to the online system is already closed. If not, the student cannot take the next exam session.
Students with Specific Learning Disorders (DSA): to take advantage of the foreseen dispensatory and compensatory tools, it is mandatory to have delivered the appropriate certification to the UniMI DSA Service (https://www.unimi.it/en/ugov/ou-structure/cosp-disability-and-sld-services). The DSA contact for the Study Course is Prof. Fulvia Tambone ([email protected]). Furthermore, DSA students must agree with the Teacher(s), in due advance, the methods of examination and the eligible supporting material (logical schemes, tables, etc.), provided their specific situation has been certified.
In one solar year, six examination dates for each of the three parts of the exam are foreseen and scheduled according to the teaching calendar and the week of teaching interruption. Examinations are NOT foreseen during the teaching activity. Only for off-course students, based on specific and documented requirements and upon agreement with the professor (s), may additional exam sessions be planned at the Faculty of Agriculture in Milan.
The Professors will provide any additional information about the examination procedures during the course.
Students with SLD or disability certifications are kindly requested to contact the teacher at least 15 days before the date of the exam session to agree on individual exam requirements. In the email please make sure to add in cc the competent offices: [email protected] (for students with SLD) o [email protected] (for students with disability).
Knowledge and understanding of the topics of the first part of the course (first 3 CFUs of T.U. 1) are imperative to understand the topics that will be considered subsequently concerning both Plant physiology (last 3 CFUs of T.U. 1) and Microbiology (4 credits, T.U. 2) issues.
In the case of U.D.1 (Plant Biochemistry and Physiology), the learning assessment will take place through an oral exam or a written test, typically consisting of four questions: two on biochemistry and two on plant physiology. In these questions, the student must demonstrate the ability to process the course content to address agro-food issues interdisciplinary.
In general, the answers to the written tests, as well as any oral interviews, will be evaluated based on parameters such as a) the ability to organize knowledge discursively, b) the quality of the presentation, c) the competence in using the specific vocabulary of the studied topics.
At the end of this oral interview/written test, an overall score for U.D.1 will be given.
In the case of T.U.2 (Microbiology), learning is assessed through a written test, which typically includes four questions: two on general microbiology and two on applied microbiology. The student must demonstrate the ability to integrate course content to address agro-food issues in an interdisciplinary manner.
In the cases of T.U1 and T.U.2, the assessment methods and evaluation criteria will be identical for attending and non-attending students.
The final score of the course exam (10 CUFs) will be obtained from the weighted mean of the two teaching units with respect to their relative CFUs.
Examinations will take place at Edolo with a minimum number of students equal to 5; otherwise, at the sole discretion of the commission, they will take place at the Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie ed Alimentari, via Celoria 2, Milano. The location will be, therefore, communicated to the students (online registration) by e-mail after the deadline of the registration time, i.e., 2 d before the test date. Students are therefore prompted to check regularly their institutional e-mail boxes ([email protected]) and the Ariel 2.0 notice boards.
Therefore, students enrolled in an exam session who no longer wish to take the exam are required to promptly notify the teachers if access to the online system is already closed. If not, the student cannot take the next exam session.
Students with Specific Learning Disorders (DSA): to take advantage of the foreseen dispensatory and compensatory tools, it is mandatory to have delivered the appropriate certification to the UniMI DSA Service (https://www.unimi.it/en/ugov/ou-structure/cosp-disability-and-sld-services). The DSA contact for the Study Course is Prof. Fulvia Tambone ([email protected]). Furthermore, DSA students must agree with the Teacher(s), in due advance, the methods of examination and the eligible supporting material (logical schemes, tables, etc.), provided their specific situation has been certified.
In one solar year, six examination dates for each of the three parts of the exam are foreseen and scheduled according to the teaching calendar and the week of teaching interruption. Examinations are NOT foreseen during the teaching activity. Only for off-course students, based on specific and documented requirements and upon agreement with the professor (s), may additional exam sessions be planned at the Faculty of Agriculture in Milan.
The Professors will provide any additional information about the examination procedures during the course.
Students with SLD or disability certifications are kindly requested to contact the teacher at least 15 days before the date of the exam session to agree on individual exam requirements. In the email please make sure to add in cc the competent offices: [email protected] (for students with SLD) o [email protected] (for students with disability).
AGR/13 - AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY
AGR/16 - AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY
AGR/16 - AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY
Laboratories: 16 hours
Lessons: 72 hours
Lessons: 72 hours
Professors:
Araniti Fabrizio, Rollini Manuela Silvia
Shifts:
Educational website(s)
Professor(s)
Reception:
Every day by appointment via phone or email
Office (building 21090) at the "Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia"
Reception:
to be defined via email
DeFENS, division of Food Microbiology and Biopocessing, Via Mangiagalli 25, fourth floor