Elements of Biochemistry, Plant Physiology and Agro-Food Microbiology
A.Y. 2025/2026
Learning objectives
The course will provide students the basic knowledge of the fundamental biochemical and physiological processes of plants, with the general objective of understanding mechanisms most involved in the determination of crop plant yield, also in unfavourable environments. The course also proposes to provide the fundamental notions concerning General and Agro-Food Microbiology and basic microbiological techniques for the analysis of food samples. These skills will be acquired both through lectures and classroom exercises concerning the resolution of biochemistry problems and through laboratory exercises related to biochemical and microbiological analyses aimed at defining the quality of agricultural-food products.
Expected learning outcomes
The student will acquire the knowledge of the mechanisms regulating energy transfer and carbon metabolism in plants and in microorganisms, and of the biochemical and physiological factors underlying the productivity in the agro-food sector, even in unfavorable environments. At course completion, the acquired knowledge will be useful to face practical problems in agricultural contexts, also through the application of basic biochemical and microbiological techniques for the analysis of agro-food samples. Participation in classroom exercises, laboratory activities, and oral or written assessment methods will contribute to the development of communication skills. Furthermore, the use of diversified study tools (manuals, on-line material made available by the Teachers, personal notes, on line resources) will help to develop the ability to find independently information and useful ideas for future job activities.
Lesson period: Second semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
Second semester
Course syllabus
UNIT 1 - PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY; FABRIZIO ARANITI - FRONTAL LECTURES 6 ECTS
BRIEF COURSE DESCRIPTION
This Course surveys the main biochemical and physiological processes of higher plants, whose understanding is essential for grasping the key mechanisms determining crop yield—even in marginal environments. The course syllabus includes, in summary, the presentation and discussion of the following topics:
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY:
1) Bioenergetics and thermodynamics; 2) Enzymatic catalysis; 3) Energy metabolism: Glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle, other carbon metabolism pathways, oxidative phosphorylation
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY:
1) Photosynthesis: light phase and assimilation phase, ecophysiology; 2) Plant-water relations: transpiration, stomatal regulation, ascent of raw sap, translocation of photosynthates and source-sink relationships; 3) Mineral nutrition: chemical and electrochemical potentials, uptake and assimilation of solutes
DETAILED COURSE SYLLABUS
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY
- Principles of bioenergetics and thermodynamics (0.75 ECTS, lectures): thermodynamic systems and their surroundings; first and second laws of thermodynamics; entropy and free energy; exergonic vs. endergonic reactions; energetically coupled reactions; ATP and phosphoryl-group transfer; other high-energy compounds; oxidation states of carbon in biologically relevant molecules; redox potential; redox reactions; relationship between ΔE and ΔG; redox coenzymes; biologically significant redox processes.
- Enzymes as biological catalysts (0.75 ECTS, lectures): thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of enzymatic catalysis; the Michaelis-Menten equation; enzyme inhibition and regulation.
- Metabolism: catabolism and anabolism (1 ECTS, lectures): carbon metabolism; degradation of storage polysaccharides (starch); glycolysis; lactic and alcoholic fermentation; energy yield of glucose degradation under anaerobic conditions; the Krebs cycle; electron flow and oxidative phosphorylation; chemiosmotic theory coupling ATP synthesis to the proton-motive force; energy yield of aerobic glucose degradation; other O₂-consuming mechanisms in plant cells; alternative glucose oxidation pathways: the pentose phosphate pathway; brief overview of storage lipid metabolism; energy yield of fatty-acid degradation.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
- Water and the plant (0.5 ECTS): water potential: definition and influencing factors (pressure, temperature, solutes); components of water potential in plant cells: solute potential, matric potential, pressure potential; osmotic phenomena; Van 't Hoff's law; isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic solutions; plasmolysis and cell turgor; cell-expansion growth; the continuous soil-plant-atmosphere system; water uptake by roots: apoplastic vs. symplastic pathways; transpiration; cohesion-tension theory of xylem sap ascent; stomatal water loss.
- Photosynthesis (1 ECTS): solar radiation spectrum; energy content of different wavelengths; photosynthetically active radiation; absorption vs. action spectra; photosynthetic pigments; excitation and de-excitation processes; photosystems, antenna complexes, reaction centers; energy transfer from antennas to reaction centers; role of accessory pigments; photosynthetic electron flow and phosphorylation: the Z-scheme; non-cyclic and cyclic photophosphorylation; herbicides affecting photosynthetic electron transport (overview); photo-oxidative damage; carbon-assimilation phase: C₃ and C₄ cycles, CAM metabolism; photorespiration; ecophysiology of photosynthesis: responses to light and temperature; light compensation point; CO₂ compensation point.
- Transport mechanisms in plant cells; (0.75 ECTS): cell membranes and the plasmalemma in cell physiology; selective permeability; chemical and electrochemical potentials in solute movement; Nernst equation; diffusion, active and passive transport; transport proteins and ion channels; role of membrane H⁺-ATPase in generating the proton-electrochemical gradient and its effects on other solutes.
- Stomatal-opening regulation mechanisms; phloem translocation of photosynthates; mechanisms of sucrose loading and unloading in the phloem; role of active H⁺ transport; pressure-flow hypothesis for phloem transport; source-sink organ relationships (0.5 ECTS).
- Mineral nutrition (0.75 ECTS): plant nutrient requirements (macro- and micronutrients); nutrient availability and plant growth; absorption and assimilation of nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus; micronutrient uptake: the example of iron; heavy-metal toxicity (e.g., aluminum); mechanisms of heavy-metal tolerance: exclusion and detoxification.
U.D. 2 - General and Agro-food Microbiology for Agriculture - Manuela Silvia Rollini - FRONTAL LECTURES 3 ECTS, EXERCISES 1 ECTS
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE COURSE
The course provides the fundamental notions concerning the morphology, physiology, metabolism and ecological roles of microorganisms, with reference to their application in agricultural biotechnologies aimed at environmental protection, animal and plant production, and food processing. The syllabus of the course includes, in summary, the presentation and discussion of the following topics: i) Morphology and cytology of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. ii) Microbial growth: its assessment and control. iii) Microbial metabolism: respiration and fermentation. iv) Elements of prokaryotic genetics. v) Microbial ecosystems: interactions among microorganisms, animals and plants. vi) Microbial groups involved in the main food transformations. vii) Laboratory exercises: bacterial cultures, microscopy, microbiological analyses of samples of local food products.
DETAILED SYLLABUS OF THE COURSE
GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
- The microbial world (0.25 ECTS): the prokaryotic cell—structure, functions and comparison with the eukaryotic cell; morphology of bacterial cells and of fungi; spore-forming bacteria and stages of spore formation.
- Microbial growth (0.35 ECTS): bacteria, unicellular and filamentous fungi, as well as higher fungi. Definition of generation time. Techniques for assessing microbial growth, both direct and indirect: total microscopic count, plate count, spectroscopic techniques, evaluation of cellular components, calorimetry.
- Microbial metabolism (0.55 ECTS): relationships between catabolism and anabolism; the main energy-metabolic pathways (aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, lactic fermentation and alcoholic fermentation in detail). Sulphur and Nitrogen metabolism.
- Element of genetic recombination (0.5 ECTS): transformation, conjugation, transduction and the principles of mutation; main concepts of phylogeny and microbial classification: definitions of genus, species and strain; criteria for identification.
- Factors affecting microbial growth (0.5 ECTS): pH, temperature-time relationship, water activity (Aw), presence of oxygen. Pasteurization and sterilization. Concept of cleaning and sanitation. Antibiotics: classification, structure and mechanism of action.
AGRO-FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
- Interactions among microorganisms in microbial ecosystems (0.35 ECTS): neutralism, competition, amensalism, predation, commensalism, parasitism, mutualism.
- Main microbial groups involved in food production and preservation (0.5 ECTS): lactic acid bacteria and spore-forming bacteria. Classification and identification of the main fungi (eumycetes) involved in the food sector.
- Teaching Laboratories (1 ECTS): the concept of sterility. Procedures for setting up microbial counts from a baker's yeast suspension and expression of results. Selective culture media. Microbiological analyses of food products.
BRIEF COURSE DESCRIPTION
This Course surveys the main biochemical and physiological processes of higher plants, whose understanding is essential for grasping the key mechanisms determining crop yield—even in marginal environments. The course syllabus includes, in summary, the presentation and discussion of the following topics:
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY:
1) Bioenergetics and thermodynamics; 2) Enzymatic catalysis; 3) Energy metabolism: Glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle, other carbon metabolism pathways, oxidative phosphorylation
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY:
1) Photosynthesis: light phase and assimilation phase, ecophysiology; 2) Plant-water relations: transpiration, stomatal regulation, ascent of raw sap, translocation of photosynthates and source-sink relationships; 3) Mineral nutrition: chemical and electrochemical potentials, uptake and assimilation of solutes
DETAILED COURSE SYLLABUS
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY
- Principles of bioenergetics and thermodynamics (0.75 ECTS, lectures): thermodynamic systems and their surroundings; first and second laws of thermodynamics; entropy and free energy; exergonic vs. endergonic reactions; energetically coupled reactions; ATP and phosphoryl-group transfer; other high-energy compounds; oxidation states of carbon in biologically relevant molecules; redox potential; redox reactions; relationship between ΔE and ΔG; redox coenzymes; biologically significant redox processes.
- Enzymes as biological catalysts (0.75 ECTS, lectures): thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of enzymatic catalysis; the Michaelis-Menten equation; enzyme inhibition and regulation.
- Metabolism: catabolism and anabolism (1 ECTS, lectures): carbon metabolism; degradation of storage polysaccharides (starch); glycolysis; lactic and alcoholic fermentation; energy yield of glucose degradation under anaerobic conditions; the Krebs cycle; electron flow and oxidative phosphorylation; chemiosmotic theory coupling ATP synthesis to the proton-motive force; energy yield of aerobic glucose degradation; other O₂-consuming mechanisms in plant cells; alternative glucose oxidation pathways: the pentose phosphate pathway; brief overview of storage lipid metabolism; energy yield of fatty-acid degradation.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
- Water and the plant (0.5 ECTS): water potential: definition and influencing factors (pressure, temperature, solutes); components of water potential in plant cells: solute potential, matric potential, pressure potential; osmotic phenomena; Van 't Hoff's law; isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic solutions; plasmolysis and cell turgor; cell-expansion growth; the continuous soil-plant-atmosphere system; water uptake by roots: apoplastic vs. symplastic pathways; transpiration; cohesion-tension theory of xylem sap ascent; stomatal water loss.
- Photosynthesis (1 ECTS): solar radiation spectrum; energy content of different wavelengths; photosynthetically active radiation; absorption vs. action spectra; photosynthetic pigments; excitation and de-excitation processes; photosystems, antenna complexes, reaction centers; energy transfer from antennas to reaction centers; role of accessory pigments; photosynthetic electron flow and phosphorylation: the Z-scheme; non-cyclic and cyclic photophosphorylation; herbicides affecting photosynthetic electron transport (overview); photo-oxidative damage; carbon-assimilation phase: C₃ and C₄ cycles, CAM metabolism; photorespiration; ecophysiology of photosynthesis: responses to light and temperature; light compensation point; CO₂ compensation point.
- Transport mechanisms in plant cells; (0.75 ECTS): cell membranes and the plasmalemma in cell physiology; selective permeability; chemical and electrochemical potentials in solute movement; Nernst equation; diffusion, active and passive transport; transport proteins and ion channels; role of membrane H⁺-ATPase in generating the proton-electrochemical gradient and its effects on other solutes.
- Stomatal-opening regulation mechanisms; phloem translocation of photosynthates; mechanisms of sucrose loading and unloading in the phloem; role of active H⁺ transport; pressure-flow hypothesis for phloem transport; source-sink organ relationships (0.5 ECTS).
- Mineral nutrition (0.75 ECTS): plant nutrient requirements (macro- and micronutrients); nutrient availability and plant growth; absorption and assimilation of nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus; micronutrient uptake: the example of iron; heavy-metal toxicity (e.g., aluminum); mechanisms of heavy-metal tolerance: exclusion and detoxification.
U.D. 2 - General and Agro-food Microbiology for Agriculture - Manuela Silvia Rollini - FRONTAL LECTURES 3 ECTS, EXERCISES 1 ECTS
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE COURSE
The course provides the fundamental notions concerning the morphology, physiology, metabolism and ecological roles of microorganisms, with reference to their application in agricultural biotechnologies aimed at environmental protection, animal and plant production, and food processing. The syllabus of the course includes, in summary, the presentation and discussion of the following topics: i) Morphology and cytology of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. ii) Microbial growth: its assessment and control. iii) Microbial metabolism: respiration and fermentation. iv) Elements of prokaryotic genetics. v) Microbial ecosystems: interactions among microorganisms, animals and plants. vi) Microbial groups involved in the main food transformations. vii) Laboratory exercises: bacterial cultures, microscopy, microbiological analyses of samples of local food products.
DETAILED SYLLABUS OF THE COURSE
GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
- The microbial world (0.25 ECTS): the prokaryotic cell—structure, functions and comparison with the eukaryotic cell; morphology of bacterial cells and of fungi; spore-forming bacteria and stages of spore formation.
- Microbial growth (0.35 ECTS): bacteria, unicellular and filamentous fungi, as well as higher fungi. Definition of generation time. Techniques for assessing microbial growth, both direct and indirect: total microscopic count, plate count, spectroscopic techniques, evaluation of cellular components, calorimetry.
- Microbial metabolism (0.55 ECTS): relationships between catabolism and anabolism; the main energy-metabolic pathways (aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, lactic fermentation and alcoholic fermentation in detail). Sulphur and Nitrogen metabolism.
- Element of genetic recombination (0.5 ECTS): transformation, conjugation, transduction and the principles of mutation; main concepts of phylogeny and microbial classification: definitions of genus, species and strain; criteria for identification.
- Factors affecting microbial growth (0.5 ECTS): pH, temperature-time relationship, water activity (Aw), presence of oxygen. Pasteurization and sterilization. Concept of cleaning and sanitation. Antibiotics: classification, structure and mechanism of action.
AGRO-FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
- Interactions among microorganisms in microbial ecosystems (0.35 ECTS): neutralism, competition, amensalism, predation, commensalism, parasitism, mutualism.
- Main microbial groups involved in food production and preservation (0.5 ECTS): lactic acid bacteria and spore-forming bacteria. Classification and identification of the main fungi (eumycetes) involved in the food sector.
- Teaching Laboratories (1 ECTS): the concept of sterility. Procedures for setting up microbial counts from a baker's yeast suspension and expression of results. Selective culture media. Microbiological analyses of food products.
Prerequisites for admission
Complete understanding of the Course contents strictly depends on knowledge from previous courses in the fundamentals of Plant Biology, Physics, Inorganic Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry. Such prerequisites apply to all students, whether attending the Course or not.
Teaching methods
The Course uses e-learning teaching tools (PowerPoint slides, video recordings of the lectures) from the Ariel 2.0 platform.
Teachers will use a) frontal lessons, b) classroom exercises, and c) laboratory practices (Microbiology). All the activities will contribute to gaining the Expected Learning Outcomes (see dedicated paragraph).
Attending the lectures is strongly recommended.
Teachers will use a) frontal lessons, b) classroom exercises, and c) laboratory practices (Microbiology). All the activities will contribute to gaining the Expected Learning Outcomes (see dedicated paragraph).
Attending the lectures is strongly recommended.
Teaching Resources
T.U.1
Nelson D., Cox M. "Introduzione alla biochimica di Lehninger", ed. Zanichelli (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
Pinton et al., Fondamenti di Biochimica Agraria, Patron Editore, Bologna (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
D'Andrea G. Biochimica Essenziale EdiSES (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
N. Rascio, "Elementi di Fisiologia Vegetale", Edises (T.U. 1, Plant Physiology).
R.F Evert, S.E Eichhorn, Biologia delle piante di Raven, Zanichelli (T.U. 1, Biochemistry and Plant Physiology).
Notes from the course lectures. Copy of the slides shown during the lectures will be made available to the students of the Degree Course on the website https://myariel.unimi.it (Prof. Fabrizio Araniti).
T.U.2
B. Biavati e C. Sorlini, 2012: Microbiologia generale e Agraria. Vol. 1, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano.
On http://ariel.unimi.it (Prof. Manuela Rollini), the material for the laboratory practices and the files with all the slides shown during the lessons are available; moreover, it presents additional and integrative material about the topics covered.
Nelson D., Cox M. "Introduzione alla biochimica di Lehninger", ed. Zanichelli (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
Pinton et al., Fondamenti di Biochimica Agraria, Patron Editore, Bologna (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
D'Andrea G. Biochimica Essenziale EdiSES (T.U. 1, Biochemistry).
N. Rascio, "Elementi di Fisiologia Vegetale", Edises (T.U. 1, Plant Physiology).
R.F Evert, S.E Eichhorn, Biologia delle piante di Raven, Zanichelli (T.U. 1, Biochemistry and Plant Physiology).
Notes from the course lectures. Copy of the slides shown during the lectures will be made available to the students of the Degree Course on the website https://myariel.unimi.it (Prof. Fabrizio Araniti).
T.U.2
B. Biavati e C. Sorlini, 2012: Microbiologia generale e Agraria. Vol. 1, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano.
On http://ariel.unimi.it (Prof. Manuela Rollini), the material for the laboratory practices and the files with all the slides shown during the lessons are available; moreover, it presents additional and integrative material about the topics covered.
Assessment methods and Criteria
The student should demonstrate the ability to elaborate on the Course contents by integrating them with those of the prior Courses. There is no mandatory prerequisite concerning other Courses of Study Course. Nevertheless, successfully completing the First-Year Courses (Plant and Animal Biology, Physics, General and Inorganic Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry) is strongly recommended before studying the topics inherent to the exam.
Knowledge and understanding of the topics of the first part of the course (first 2.5 CFUs of T.U. 1) are imperative to understand the topics that will be considered subsequently concerning both Plant physiology (last 3.5 CFUs of T.U. 1) and Microbiology (4 credits, T.U. 2) issues.
In the case of U.D.1 (Plant Biochemistry and Physiology), the learning assessment will take place through an oral exam, typically consisting of four questions: two on biochemistry and two on plant physiology. In these questions, the student must demonstrate the ability to process the course content to address agro-food issues interdisciplinary.
In general, the answers to the oral interview, will be evaluated based on parameters such as a) the ability to organize knowledge discursively, b) the quality of the presentation, c) the competence in using the specific vocabulary of the studied topics.
At the end of this oral interview/written test, an overall score for U.D.1 will be given.
In the case of T.U.2 (Microbiology), learning is assessed through a written test, which typically includes four questions: two on general microbiology and two on applied microbiology. The student must demonstrate the ability to integrate course content to address agro-food issues in an interdisciplinary manner.
In the cases of T.U1 and T.U.2, the assessment methods and evaluation criteria will be identical for attending and non-attending students.
The final score of the course exam (10 CUFs) will be obtained from the weighted mean of the two teaching units with respect to their relative CFUs.
Examinations will take place at Edolo with a minimum number of students equal to 5; otherwise, at the sole discretion of the commission, they will take place at the Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie ed Alimentari, via Celoria 2, Milano. The location will be, therefore, communicated to the students (online registration) by e-mail after the deadline of the registration time, i.e., 2 d before the test date. Students are therefore prompted to check regularly their institutional e-mail boxes ([email protected]) and the Ariel 2.0 notice boards.
Therefore, students enrolled in an exam session who no longer wish to take the exam are required to promptly notify the teachers if access to the online system is already closed. If not, the student cannot take the next exam session.
Students with Specific Learning Disorders (DSA): to take advantage of the foreseen dispensatory and compensatory tools, it is mandatory to have delivered the appropriate certification to the UniMI DSA Service (https://www.unimi.it/en/ugov/ou-structure/cosp-disability-and-sld-services). The DSA contact for the Study Course is Prof. Fulvia Tambone ([email protected]). Furthermore, DSA students must agree with the Teacher(s), in due advance, the methods of examination and the eligible supporting material (logical schemes, tables, etc.), provided their specific situation has been certified.
In one solar year, six examination dates for each of the three parts of the exam are foreseen and scheduled according to the teaching calendar and the week of teaching interruption. Examinations are NOT foreseen during the teaching activity. Only for off-course students, based on specific and documented requirements and upon agreement with the professor (s), may additional exam sessions be planned at the Faculty of Agriculture in Milan.
The Professors will provide any additional information about the examination procedures during the course.
Students with SLD or disability certifications are kindly requested to contact the teacher at least 15 days before the date of the exam session to agree on individual exam requirements. In the email please make sure to add in cc the competent offices: [email protected] (for students with SLD) o [email protected] (for students with disability).
Knowledge and understanding of the topics of the first part of the course (first 2.5 CFUs of T.U. 1) are imperative to understand the topics that will be considered subsequently concerning both Plant physiology (last 3.5 CFUs of T.U. 1) and Microbiology (4 credits, T.U. 2) issues.
In the case of U.D.1 (Plant Biochemistry and Physiology), the learning assessment will take place through an oral exam, typically consisting of four questions: two on biochemistry and two on plant physiology. In these questions, the student must demonstrate the ability to process the course content to address agro-food issues interdisciplinary.
In general, the answers to the oral interview, will be evaluated based on parameters such as a) the ability to organize knowledge discursively, b) the quality of the presentation, c) the competence in using the specific vocabulary of the studied topics.
At the end of this oral interview/written test, an overall score for U.D.1 will be given.
In the case of T.U.2 (Microbiology), learning is assessed through a written test, which typically includes four questions: two on general microbiology and two on applied microbiology. The student must demonstrate the ability to integrate course content to address agro-food issues in an interdisciplinary manner.
In the cases of T.U1 and T.U.2, the assessment methods and evaluation criteria will be identical for attending and non-attending students.
The final score of the course exam (10 CUFs) will be obtained from the weighted mean of the two teaching units with respect to their relative CFUs.
Examinations will take place at Edolo with a minimum number of students equal to 5; otherwise, at the sole discretion of the commission, they will take place at the Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie ed Alimentari, via Celoria 2, Milano. The location will be, therefore, communicated to the students (online registration) by e-mail after the deadline of the registration time, i.e., 2 d before the test date. Students are therefore prompted to check regularly their institutional e-mail boxes ([email protected]) and the Ariel 2.0 notice boards.
Therefore, students enrolled in an exam session who no longer wish to take the exam are required to promptly notify the teachers if access to the online system is already closed. If not, the student cannot take the next exam session.
Students with Specific Learning Disorders (DSA): to take advantage of the foreseen dispensatory and compensatory tools, it is mandatory to have delivered the appropriate certification to the UniMI DSA Service (https://www.unimi.it/en/ugov/ou-structure/cosp-disability-and-sld-services). The DSA contact for the Study Course is Prof. Fulvia Tambone ([email protected]). Furthermore, DSA students must agree with the Teacher(s), in due advance, the methods of examination and the eligible supporting material (logical schemes, tables, etc.), provided their specific situation has been certified.
In one solar year, six examination dates for each of the three parts of the exam are foreseen and scheduled according to the teaching calendar and the week of teaching interruption. Examinations are NOT foreseen during the teaching activity. Only for off-course students, based on specific and documented requirements and upon agreement with the professor (s), may additional exam sessions be planned at the Faculty of Agriculture in Milan.
The Professors will provide any additional information about the examination procedures during the course.
Students with SLD or disability certifications are kindly requested to contact the teacher at least 15 days before the date of the exam session to agree on individual exam requirements. In the email please make sure to add in cc the competent offices: [email protected] (for students with SLD) o [email protected] (for students with disability).
AGR/13 - AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY - University credits: 6
AGR/16 - AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY - University credits: 4
AGR/16 - AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY - University credits: 4
Laboratories: 32 hours
Lessons: 64 hours
Lessons: 64 hours
Professors:
Araniti Fabrizio, Rollini Manuela Silvia
Professor(s)
Reception:
Every day by appointment via phone or email
Office (building 21090) at the "Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia"
Reception:
to be defined via email
DeFENS, division of Food Microbiology and Biopocessing, Via Mangiagalli 25, fourth floor